Figure 1 Tripartite motif containing 52 (TRIM52) was highly expressed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated primary microglial cells. (A) Primary rat microglial cells were isolated, and immunofluorescent staining of Iba-1 microglia markers was positive. Rat primary microglial cells were treated with different concentrations of LPS (0, 20, 50, and 100 ng/ml) for 6 h. (B) Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of microglial activation marker OX-42. (C, D) ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-1β (C) and TNF-α (D) in the cell supernatant. (E) Western blot was used to detect TRIM52 and NF-κB (cytoplasm and nuclear) protein expression. (F) The efficient isolation of cytosolic and nuclear proteins was shown by western blot. (G) The expression of TRIM52 in SCI patients was detected. * P<0.05, ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001 vs. 0 ng/mL LPS or 20, 50, and 100 ng/ml.