Figure 1 A dual-signal model mediated the activation process of the nucleotide-binding and oligomerization-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The first step was stimulating promotion of nuclear factor-κB into the nucleus to regulate the transcription and translation of the NLRP gene in the nucleus and release it into the cytoplasm. The second step was divided into the non-canonical caspase-11-mediated and canonical NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis pathways. Adobe Illustrator CC 2019 (Adobe Software, San Jose, California, United States) was used for drawing.