Olfactory Dysfunction as a Marker for Cognitive Impairment in General Paresis of the Insane: A Clinical Study

Shuang Liang; Ben Chen; Meiling Liu; Qiang Wang; Mingfeng Yang; Gaohong Lin; Danyan Xu; Yijie Zeng; Jingyi Lao; Jiafu Li; Qin Liu; Kexin Yao; Zhangying Wu; Min Zhang; Wenyue Shi; Linglong Qin; Xiaomei Zhong; Yuping Ning

doi:10.12659/MSM.944243

25 July 2024 : Clinical Research

Olfactory Dysfunction as a Marker for Cognitive Impairment in General Paresis of the Insane: A Clinical Study

Shuang Liang^1ABCDEF, Ben Chen^1ABCDEF, Meiling Liu^1BCD, Qiang Wang

^1B, Mingfeng Yang^1B, Gaohong Lin^1D, Danyan Xu^1C, Yijie Zeng^1B, Jingyi Lao^1C, Jiafu Li^1B, Qin Liu^1B, Kexin Yao^1B, Zhangying Wu^1B, Min Zhang^1B, Wenyue Shi^2B, Linglong Qin^2B, Xiaomei Zhong^1AFG, Yuping Ning^1345AEG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.944243

Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e944243

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Figure 1 Patients with GPI exhibited significant olfactory dysfunction compared with HCsGPI – general paresis of the insane; HCs – healthy controls; OT – odor threshold; OD – odor discrimination; OI – odor identification; TDI – composite score as the sum of results for threshold, discrimination, and identification. ** P<0.01; *** P<0.001. GraphPad Prism version 9.0.0, developed by GraphPad Software, for plotting our graphs.

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Olfactory Dysfunction as a Marker for Cognitive Impairment in General Paresis of the Insane: A Clinical Study

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