27 May 2025 : Database Analysis
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Lead to Gastrointestinal Benefits in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study
Jung-Hui Hsu AEF 1, Hsueh-Fen Bai ADF 2, Mon-Ting Chen CD 3, Yu-Wei Fang AD 3,4,5, Jing-Tong Wang CE 3,4, Chieh-Yu Liu
DF 3, Ming-Hsein Tsai ADEF 3,4,5*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.946935
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e946935
Figure 3 Subgroup analysis. Forest plots show HR for type 2 diabetes patients, comparing gastrointestinal outcomes of GLP1-RA subsets [Semaglutide (A), liraglutide (B), and dulaglutide (C)] to DPP4i. Propensity score matching based on baseline covariates (Table 1) ensured group balance. A vertical line at HR 1.00 marks significance, with 95% CI lower limits above 1.00 indicating higher risk. GLP1-RA – glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist; DPP4i – dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor; HR – hazard ratios; CI – confidence interval.