03 August 2025 : Review article
Mechanisms of Leydig Cell Aging and Obesity-Related Hypogonadism in Men: A Review
Xinshuang Huang AEF 1,2, Hui Zhao AEF 1,2, Xiaodong Wu F 1,2, Yun Liang F 3, Qingbo Guan AEG 1,2,4,5*, Dandan Luo AEG 1,2,4,5, Chunxiao Yu AEG 1,6,4,5DOI: 10.12659/MSM.948180
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e948180
Physiological Functions of Testicular Leydig Cells
Definition and Epidemiology of Late-Onset Hypogonadism (LOH)
Research on Testicular Leydig Cell Senescence and LOH
Research Advances in Mechanisms of Testicular Leydig Cell Senescence
Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Autophagy
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress
Treatment of LOH
Senolytic Therapy
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Treatment
Stem Cell Therapy
Treatment of Obesity-Related Hypogonadism
Outlook and Discussion
Conclusions
References
Figure 2 Treatment of testicular leydig cell senescence in obesity-related late-onset hypogonadism. Illustration: From left to right are exercise therapy, stem cell therapy, traditional Chinese medicine therapy, drug therapy, and testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). In the middle is the process of obesity – aging – testicular Leydig cell dysfunction.