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27 June 2025 : Review article  

A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis of Biomedical Research Waste: Current Situation, Development, and Trends

Lei Peng ABCDEF 1, Jinqian Li CDEF 2, Yan Chu DEF 1,3, Honghao Song DE 1, Kaiqiang Sun F 4,5, Jingchuan Sun F 4, Jianping Fan A 4*, Chen Yan AC 2, Hongbin Yuan AG 1

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.948390

Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e948390

Figure 7 (A) Keywords heat map. The size of the keywords in the figure represents the frequency with which they appear in the research waste article, with larger words indicating higher frequency. (B) Keywords cluster analysis. This figure illustrates the keyword clustering analysis in the field of research waste. Each color represents a keyword group, which are clustered together by their relevance, and the keywords are numbered to show their importance in research waste.

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750