Extracellular Vesicles as Emerging Regulators in Ischemic and Hypertrophic Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review of Pathogenesis and Therapeutics

Min Chen; Yanming Wu; Cheng Chen

doi:10.12659/MSM.948948

15 October 2025 : Review article

Extracellular Vesicles as Emerging Regulators in Ischemic and Hypertrophic Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review of Pathogenesis and Therapeutics

Min Chen^{E 1}, Yanming Wu^{E 1}, Cheng Chen^{E 1*}

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.948948

Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e948948

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Introduction Extracellular Vesicles Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease Therapeutic Management of CVD Using Extracellular Vesicles Future Directions Conclusions References

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Figure 2 Extracellular vesicles released from various cardiac cell types play a key role in the pathogenesis of different cardiovascular diseases. EVs – extracellular vesicles. The figure was created by BioRender.com.

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Extracellular Vesicles as Emerging Regulators in Ischemic and Hypertrophic Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review of Pathogenesis and Therapeutics

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