05 November 2025 : Clinical Research
Epidemiology of Norovirus Outbreaks in Kindergartens, Primary Schools, and Junior High Schools in Xi'an, China, From October 2020 to February 2023
Hui Zhang
ABCDEF 1, Xin-qian Gu BCDF 1, Lei-le Zhang BCDF 2, Chun-juan Wang BCDF 1, Zheng Wei ABCDEFG 3*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.949902
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e949902
Figure 1 Pooled rate results of different indicators in different populations (R software version 4.0.2, R Development Core Team, Vienna, Austria). N: Number of norovirus outbreaks. Black polygon: estimated rate for each group. Polygon size: weight of studies in each group. Line segment length: confidence interval of the pooled estimate. Overall summary estimates were incorporated to enable more effective comparisons with the corresponding subgroup estimates. For all subgroups, p values for heterogeneity tests p<0.01. There are various sources of heterogeneity in prevalence studies. Subgroups divided by each factor still have significant heterogeneity.