08 April 2026 : Clinical Research
Efficacy and Safety of Liposomal Bupivacaine in Direct Anterior Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Ye Chen
ABCDEF 1, Chunxiao Zhang AD 2, Lanyong Chen B 1, Yong He B 1, Linling Zhang B 1, Songfeng Hu AG 1,2*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.951717
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e951717
Figure 2 Trends of VAS Scores in the liposomal bupivacaine (LB) and ropivacaine groups. (A) Resting visual analog scale (VAS) scores; (B) active VAS scores. The plotted values are the adjusted estimated marginal means are derived from the linear mixed-effects model detailed in the Statistical Analysis section. The model included treatment group, time, their interaction, and was adjusted for the covariates of age, sex, BMI, ASA classification, disease type, operation time, incision length, and surgical side. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. Sample sizes per group at each time point are indicated.