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02 July 2026 : Clinical Research  

Synergistic Effects of AI-Driven Remote Respiratory Rehabilitation and Cervical Stabilization Exercises on Forward Head Posture, Neck Pain, and Respiratory Function in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Youn-Joong Oh ABDEF 1, Myung-Mo Lee ACFG 2*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.952496

Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e952496

Figure 2 Overview of the mobile application interface and tele-rehabilitation intervention workflow. (A) Main dashboard displaying the initial user landing interface of the application. (B) Training selection screen for choosing between the guided breathing exercise module and the respiratory muscle training module. (C) Guided breathing exercise sequence: (C-1) exercise list and initiation screen; (C-2) guided instructional video interface displaying a comprehensive program of stretching, strengthening, aerobic, and cool-down exercises; (C-3) post-exercise rating screen for perceived exertion (RPE) used for dynamic difficulty adjustment. (D) Gamified respiratory muscle training sequence: (D-1) selection interface for various respiratory training types; (D-2) interactive gamified training screens providing real-time visual feedback based on Spirokit’s pressure sensor data.

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750