Background: Hypercholesterolemia increases cholesterol concentration in erythrocyte membranes, which results in decrease of membrane fluidity and decreases the deformability of red blood cells. The fruits of Arona melanocarpa contains many of polyphenols and other compounds that have beneficial health effects.
Material/Methods: The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of 2-month supplementation of extract from Aronia melanocarpa (100 mg Aronox, three times per day) on cholesterol concentration, lipid peroxidation, membrane fluidity, level of thiol groups and activity of ATPase in erythrocytes from patients with hypercholesterolemia. The study involved 25 patients with hypercholesterolemia without pharmacological treatment and 20 healthy individuals as a control group. Blood samples were collected before, and after 1 and 2 months of Aronia administration.
Results: The 2-month Aronia supplementation resulted in a decrease of cholesterol concentration (by 22%) and a decrease of lipid peroxidation (by 40%), and an increase of membrane fluidity. No statistically significant increase of the concentration of thiol groups and of ATPase activity were observed.
Conclusions: Our study shows that supplementation of extract from Aronia melanocarpa has a beneficial effect on rheological properties of erythrocytes.

Keywords: Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects, Membrane Fluidity - drug effects, Hypercholesterolemia - drug therapy, Fruit - chemistry, Erythrocyte Membrane - drug effects, Dietary Supplements, Cholesterol - blood, Case-Control Studies, Analysis of Variance, Adenosine Triphosphatases - metabolism, Photinia - chemistry, Phytotherapy - methods, Plant Extracts - therapeutic use