BACKGROUND: Our study investigated the associations of metabolic syndrome (MS) and metabolic indicators with prostate cancer (PCa) risk in the Chinese Han ethnic population.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 101 PCa patients (without/with MS) and 120 healthy controls. Clinical data, including waist circumference, BMI, TG, FINS, FBG, and PCa-related indicators, were collected. The correlations between MS and PCa were analyzed.

RESULTS: Compared to PCa, PV and Gleason scores increased and PSA levels decreased in PCa with MS group (all P<0.001). PV was positively correlated with BMI, FINS, and HOMA-IR (r=0.459, P<0.001; r=0.421, P=0.001; r=0.490, P=0.003, respectively), and was negatively correlated with HDL-C (r=–0.378, P<0.001). PSA level in MS patients was negatively correlated with BMI (r=–0.125, P<0.001), TG (r=–0.256, P<0.001) and FBG (r=–0.183, P<0.001). Large PV, high TG, low HDL-C, high LDL-C, and high FBG were associated with an increased risk of PCa (P<0.001, OR=1.10, 95%CI: 1.009–3.304; P<0.001, OR=2.91, 95%CI: 1.612–5.241; P<0.001, OR=7.89, 95%CI: 3.908–15.947; P=0.015, OR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.131–3.077; P=0.004, OR=2.17, 95%CI: 1.280–3.686, respectively). MS-related indicators showed a positive relationship with PCa (P<0.001, OR=1.90, 95%CI: 1.107–10.629).

CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that MS and metabolic indicators are associated with an increased risk of PCa, pointing to a novel therapeutic approach for PCa management.

Keywords: Aged, 80 and over, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Blood Glucose - metabolism, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Cholesterol, HDL - blood, Cholesterol, LDL - blood, Insulin Resistance, Kallikreins - blood, Logistic Models, Metabolic Syndrome X - pathology, Neoplasm Grading, Organ Size, Prostate-Specific Antigen - blood, Risk Factors, Triglycerides - blood, waist circumference