03 August 2020: Review Articles
Galectins for Diagnosis and Prognostic Assessment of Human Diseases: An Overview of Meta-Analyses
Yiting Liu 12ABCDEF* , Hao Meng 13ABCDEF* , Shixue Xu 1ABCDEF* , Xingshun Qi 1ABCDEF*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.923901
Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e923901
Table 1 Evidence from meta-analyses regarding clinical use of galectins in cancer.
| First author | Journal (Year) | Regions | No. studies (Pts.) | Galectins studied | Diseases studied | Outcomes of interests | Effect sizes | Conclusions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wu R | Cancer Cell Int (2018) | China Jiangsu | 18 (2674) | Galectin-1 in tissue | Various cancers | Overall survival | Hazard ratio | A significant association between high expression of galectin-1 and poor overall survival |
| Huang MY | J Cell Physiol (2019) | China Guangdong | 29 (3543) | Galectin-1 | Various cancers | Cancer-specific survival Overall survival Disease-free survival Progression-free survival Clinicopathologic characteristics | Hazard ratio Odds ratio | A significant association between high expression of galectin-1 and poor overall survival, cancer-specific survival, disease-free survival, and progression-free survival. A significant association between high expression of galectin-1 and larger tumor size, advanced clinical stage, and poorer differentiation |
| Wang K | Cell Physiol Biochem (2018) | China Jiangsu | 14 (2408) | Galectin-9 in tissue | Solid tumors | Cancer-specific survival Overall survival Relapse/progression-free survival | Hazard ratio | A significant association between high expression of galectin-9 and improved cancer-specific survival, but no significant association between galectin-9 expression and overall survival or relapse/progression-free survival |
| Zhou X | Front Physiol (2018) | China Beijing | 14 (2326) | Galectin-9 in tissue | Solid tumors | Overall survival Disease/recurrence-free survival Clinicopathologic characteristics | Hazard ratio Odds ratio | A significant association between high expression of galectin-9 and improved overall survival, a smaller depth of invasion, an earlier histopathological stage, negative lymph node metastasis and negative distal tumor metastasis, but no significant association between galectin-9 expression and disease/recurrence-free survival |
| Wang Y | Cancer Cell Int (2018) | China Jiangsu | 36 (NA) | Galectin-3 in tissue or serum | Solid tumors | Overall survival Disease/progression/recurrence-free survival | Hazard ratio | A significant association between high expression of galectin-3 and reduced overall survival and disease/progression/recurrence-free survival |
| Xin Y | Int J Clin Exp Pathol (2017) | China Zhejiang | 22 (3626) | Galectin-3 (source of specimen is unclear) | Papillary thyroid carcinoma | Diagnosis | Area under the curve Diagnostic odds ratio Sensitivity Specificity | Galectin-3 has an important diagnostic value for papillary thyroid carcinoma |
| Tang W | Onco Targets Ther (2016) | China Jiangsu | 9 (424) | Galectin-3 in tissue | Papillary thyroid carcinoma | Diagnosis Lymph node metastasis | Odds ratio | Galectin-3 may become a potentially useful immunomarker to distinguish papillary thyroid carcinoma Positive galectin-3 expression is more prone to lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma |
| Trimboli P | Int J Mol Sci (2017) | Switzerland Bellinzona | 52 (NA) | Galectin-3 in tissue | Thyroid cancer | Diagnosis | Sensitivity Specificity | There is a high reliability of galectin-3 for thyroid cancer at histology |
| de Matos L | Diagn Pathol (2012) | Brazil São Paulo | 39 (5168) 14 (1785)* | Galectin-3 in tissue | Thyroid cancer | Diagnosis | Area under the curve Diagnostic odds ratio Sensitivity Specificity | Galectin-3 is accurate in pre- and postoperative diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid lesions |
| Sun Q | Cancer Cell Int (2019) | China Shanghai | 11 (1227) | Galectin-1, -3, -4, -9 in tissue | Pancreatic cancer | Diagnosis Overall survival Disease-free survival Clinicopathologic characteristics | Area under the curve Diagnostic odds ratio Sensitivity Specificity Hazard ratio Odds ratio | Galectin-3 has a diagnostic value for pancreatic cancer A significant association between high expression of galectin-1 and poorer overall survival A significant association between high expression of galectin-4 and -9 and improved overall survival and disease-free survival No significant association of galectin-3 expression with overall survival and clinicopathologic characteristics |
| Long B | Int J Surg (2018) | China Gansu | 8 (2093) | Galectin-1, -3, -8, -9 in tissue | Gastric cancer | Overall survival Clinicopathologic characteristics | Hazard ratio Odds ratio | A significant association of high galectin-1 expression with poorer overall survival A significant association of low galectin-3, -8, and -9 expressions with poorer overall survival A significant association of high galectin-1 expression with larger tumor size and positive expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A significant association of low galectin-1 expression with lymphatic vessel invasion, worse TNM stage, deeper invasive depth and worse differentiation |
| Wang C | Pathol Res Pract (2019) | China Xinjiang | 15 (1661) | Galectin-3 in tissue or serum | Colorectal cancer | Overall survival Clinicopathologic characteristics | Hazard ratio Odds ratio | A significant association of galectin-3 positive expression with poorer overall survival A significant association of galectin-3 positive expression with advanced TNM stage, higher Duke’s stage, venous invasion and higher carcino-embryonic antigen level |
| NA – not available. * Immunohistochemistry technique; # immunocytochemistry technique. | ||||||||