20 September 2020: Clinical Research
Correlation Between Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-28 Levels and Severity of Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis
Ke Zhou 1BCE* , Ting Guo 2EF* , Yawei Xu 1CDG , Rong Guo 1ADG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.925260
Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e925260
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| Variables | AVA (cm2) | Mean gradient (mmHg) | SVi (mL/m2) | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| >1.5 | 1.0–1.5 | <1.0 | <20 | 20–40 | >40 | ≤35 | >35 | ||
| n | 25 | 33 | 21 | 24 | 31 | 24 | 47 | 32 | 79 |
| Age (years), mean±SD | 57.7±9.9 | 59.2±9.4 | 58.2±9.8 | 58.7±8.5 | 58.8±10.5 | 57.8±9.8 | 59.5±8.8 | 56.9±10.6 | 58.5±9.6 |
| Gender (M/F) | 19/6 | 21/12 | 15/6 | 19/5 | 19/12 | 17/7 | 55/24 | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m), mean±SD | 24.2±1.9 | 24.2±2.6 | 24.9±2.9 | 23.6±2.0 | 24.7±2.3 | 24.7±2.9 | 24.5±2.2 | 24.1±2.8 | 24.4±2.5 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 16 (20.2) | 17 (21.5) | 11 (13.9) | 17 (21.5) | 14 (17.7) | 13 (16.5) | 28 (35.4) | 16 (20.2) | 44 (55.7) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 12 (15.2) | 15 (18.9) | 8 (10.1) | 11 (13.9) | 14 (17.7) | 10 (12.7) | 18 (22.8) | 17 (21.5) | 35 (44.3) |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 18 (22.8) | 23 (29.1) | 11 (13.9) | 18 (22.8) | 21 (26.6) | 13 (16.5) | 29 (36.7) | 23 (29.1) | 52 (65.8) |
| Extracardiac arteriopathy, n (%) | 2 (2.5) | 2 (2.5) | 2 (2.5) | 1 (1.2) | 4 (5.1) | 1 (1.2) | 4 (5.1) | 2 (2.5) | 6 (7.6) |
| Chronic lung disease, n (%) | 1 (1.2) | 6 (7.6) | 2 (2.5) | 1 (1.2) | 5 (6.3) | 3 (3.8) | 5 (6.3) | 4 (5.1) | 9 (11.4) |
| Previous stroke, n (%) | 11 (13.9) | 10 (12.7) | 4 (5.1) | 13 (16.5) | 6 (7.6) | 6 (7.6) | 12 (15.2) | 13 (16.5) | 25 (31.6) |
| Poor mobility, n (%) | 2 (2.5) | 5 (6.3) | 3 (3.8) | 3 (3.8) | 5 (6.3) | 2 (2.5) | 5 (6.3) | 5 (6.3) | 10 (12.7) |
| Concomitant coronary disease, n (%) | 3 (3.8) | 7 (8.9) | 6 (7.6) | 4 (5.1) | 4 (5.1) | 8 (10.1) | 8 (10.1) | 8 (10.1) | 16 (20.3) |
| Recent acute myocardial infarction (within 90 days), n (%) | 3 (3.8) | 6 (7.6) | 7 (8.9) | 2 (2.5) | 7 (8.9) | 7 (8.9) | 10 (12.7) | 6 (7.6) | 16 (20.3) |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 5 (6.3) | 6 (7.6) | 8 (10.1) | 4 (5.1) | 6 (7.6) | 9 (11.4) | 10 (12.7) | 9 (11.4) | 19 (24.1) |
| NYHA functional class, n (%) | |||||||||
| I | 6 (7.6) | 4 (5.1) | 0 (0) | 6 (7.6) | 4 (5.1) | 0 (0) | 3 (3.8) | 7 (8.9) | 10 (12.7) |
| II | 17 (21.5) | 11 (13.9) | 1 (1.2) | 17 (21.5) | 10 (12.7) | 2 (2.5) | 17 (21.5) | 12 (15.2) | 29 (36.7) |
| III | 6 (7.6) | 11 (13.9) | 6 (7.6) | 5 (6.3) | 10 (12.7) | 8 (10.1) | 14 (17.7) | 9 (11.4) | 23 (29.1) |
| IV | 2 (2.5) | 6 (7.6) | 9 (11.4) | 2 (2.5) | 5 (6.3) | 10 (12.7) | 10 (12.7) | 7 (8.9) | 17 (21.5) |
| LVEF (%), n (%) | |||||||||
| >50 | 22 (27.8) | 21 (26.6) | 4 (5.1) | 20 (25.3) | 22 (27.8) | 5 (6.3) | 22 (27.8) | 25 (31.6) | 47 (59.5) |
| 30–50 | 5 (6.3) | 10 (12.7) | 13 (16.5) | 4 (6.3) | 9 (11.4) | 15 (16.5) | 16 (20.2) | 12 (15.2) | 28 (35.4) |
| 0 (0) | 2 (2.5) | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.5) | 2 (2.5) | 3 (3.8) | 1 (1.2) | 4 (5.1) | |
| Pulmonary hypertension, n (%) | |||||||||
| Normal | 15 (18.9) | 19 (24.1) | 13 (16.5) | 16 (20.2) | 18 (22.8) | 13 (16.5) | 29 (36.7) | 18 (22.8) | 47 (59.5) |
| Moderate (31±55 mmHg) | 9 (11.4) | 11 (13.9) | 7 (8.9) | 7 (8.9) | 12 (15.2) | 8 (10.1) | 16 (20.2) | 11 (13.9) | 27 (34.2) |
| Severe (>55 mmHg) | 1 (1.2) | 3 (3.8) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (1.2) | 3 (3.8) | 2 (2.5) | 3 (3.8) | 5 (6.3) |
| EuroSCORE, mean±SD | 12.4±3.2 | 12.8±3.5 | 12.7±2.7 | 12.1±3.1 | 13.0±3.5 | 12.6±2.8 | 12.6±3.0 | 12.7±3.4 | 12.6±3.2 |
| EuroSCORE II, mean±SD | 2.2±1.1 | 2.4±1.4 | 2.3±1.6 | 2.3±1.3 | 2.5±1.3 | 2.1±1.5 | 2.4±1.3 | 2.2±1.4 | 2.3±1.4 |
| AVA – aortic valve area; SVi – stroke volume index; LVEF – left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA – New York Heart Association; SD – standard deviation. | |||||||||