02 March 2021 : Clinical Research
The Role of Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR in Regulatory T Cells in Patients with Virus-Induced Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Lin Zhang1AE, Xiuhong Nie1AE*, Zhiming Luo1BC, Bing Wei1D, Guojie Teng1FDOI: 10.12659/MSM.928051
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e928051
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 103 subjects in the study.
| Health smokers (n=20) | Stable COPD (n=20) | Virus AECOPD (n=32) | Non-virus AECOPD (n=31) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, Males (%) | 14 (70) | 18 (90) | 22 (68.8) | 23 (74.2) | 0.345 |
| Age (years) | 71.3±7.1 | 70.8±6.5 | 71.7±10.1 | 73.1±9.3 | 0.831 |
| Smoking history (pack-years) | 46.3±32.1 | 50.2±23.4 | 50.5±31.3 | 47.6±20.6 | 0.513 |
| Current smokers (n, %) | 12 (60) | 11 (55) | 17 (53.1) | 19 (61.3) | 0.912 |
| BMI (kg/m) | 24.6±4.3 | 24.7±5.9 | 25.1±4.8 | 24.6±5.2 | 0.907 |
| Inhaled corticosteroid (n, %) | – | 6 (30) | 10 (31.3) | 12 (38.7) | 0.757 |
| Inhaled bronchodilator (n, %) | – | 17 (85) | 25 (78.1) | 27 (87.1) | 0.616 |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Hypertension | 6 | 5 | 8 | 5 | |
| Coronary heart disease | 0 | 3 | 4 | 4 | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |
| Frequent exacerbator (n, %) | – | 7 (35) | 12 (37.5) | 15 (48.4) | 0.560 |
| FEV/FVC* | 79.2±5.4 | 52.7±10.5 | 49.0±9.4 | 49.6±13.9 | 0.000 |
| FEV% pred** | 102.1±12.8 | 53.5±13.2 | 56.8±14.8 | 51.3±20.1 | 0.000 |
| RV/TLC (%) | – | 54.1±10.2 | 52.6±11.4 | 58.1±11.6 | 0.299 |
| GOLD stage | 0.928 | ||||
| II | 10 | 13 | 12 | ||
| III | 8 | 16 | 15 | ||
| IV | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| Pre-hospital antibiotic treatment (n,%) | – | – | 26 (81.2) | 28 (90.3) | 0.474 |
| Hospital stay (days) | – | – | 13.8±6.7 | 12.0±4.3 | 0.789 |
| CAT score on admission | – | – | 25.6±3.8 | 21.9±4.8 | 0.045 |
| CAT score at discharge | – | – | 13.9±3.4 | 13.4±3.6 | 0.692 |
| Blood leukocytes cells/mm | 6361±775 | 6659±1146 | 7472±3536 | 7125±3047 | 0.465 |
| Blood neutrophil cells/mm | 3811±949 | 4253±1015 | 5463±3398 | 5050±3639 | 0.387 |
| Blood Lymphocyte cells/mm*** | 2029±439 | 1946±464 | 1347±564 | 1371±646 | 0.011 |
| Blood eosinophil cells/mm | 140 (85–178) | 130 (98–200) | 55 (10–120) | 120 (18–225) | 0.065 |
| PH | – | – | 7.42±0.05 | 7.40±0.04 | 0.186 |
| PaO | – | – | 76.0±12.7 | 70.6±10.2 | 0.101 |
| PaCO | – | – | 41.2±8.9 | 44.8±10.0 | 0.169 |
| BMI – body mass index; CAT – COPD assessment test; COPD – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1 – forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC – forced vital capacity; %pred – the percentage predicted; RV – residual volume; TLC – total lung capacity. *,** Similar data among virus group, nonvirus group, and stable COPD group, but lower than that of healthy smoking group; *** similar data between virus group and nonvirus group, but lower than that of the healthy smoking group and the stable COPD group. | |||||