03 February 2021 : Clinical Research
U-Shaped Relationship Between Cardiovascular Mortality and Serum Uric Acid May Be Attributed to Stroke- and Heart-Specific Mortality, Respectively, Among Hypertensive Patients: A Nationally Representative Cohort Study
Hao You1ABCE, Kegong Chen2BCE, Pengfei Han3C, ChaoFu Yue4B, Xia Zhao5ADEG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.928937
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e928937
Table 2 The relationship between serum uric acid and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in hypertensive patients.
| Uric acid, mg/dl | Person-years* | Events* | Mortality rate | Model1 | p Value | Model 2 | p Value | Model 3 | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |||||||
| All-cause mortality | 116350.6 | 3291 | 28.3 | ||||||
| ≤3.5 | 5241.8 | 130 | 24.8 | 1.40 (1.05–1.88) | 0.024 | 1.50 (1.09–2.07) | 0.014 | 1.47 (1.07–2.03) | 0.019 |
| 3.5–5.0 | 34376.8 | 838 | 24.4 | 1.08 (0.95–1.21) | 0.236 | 1.13 (0.98–1.29) | 0.090 | 1.12 (0.97–1.28) | 0.112 |
| 5.0–6.0 | 28414.9 | 721 | 25.4 | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | |||
| 6.0–7.5 | 33643.8 | 964 | 28.7 | 1.14 (1.02–1.29) | 0.027 | 1.10 (0.96–1.27) | 0.168 | 1.09 (0.95–1.25) | 0.231 |
| >7.5 | 14673.3 | 638 | 43.5 | 1.74 (1.50–2.02) | 0.000 | 1.41 (1.19–1.67) | 0.000 | 1.35 (1.16–1.59) | 0.000 |
| CVD mortality** | 75196.8 | 622 | 8.3 | ||||||
| ≤3.5 | 3664.6 | 24 | 6.5 | 1.69 (1.06–2.68) | 0.027 | 1.92 (1.08–3.42) | 0.027 | 1.92 (1.08–3.42) | 0.027 |
| 3.5–5.0 | 23074.5 | 150 | 6.5 | 1.15 (0.82–1.60) | 0.409 | 1.27 (0.89–1.81) | 0.184 | 1.27 (0.88–1.81) | 0.194 |
| 5.0–6.0 | 18322.9 | 139 | 7.6 | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | |||
| 6.0–7.5 | 21187.9 | 190 | 9.0 | 1.24 (0.98–1.59) | 0.076 | 1.25 (0.96–1.64) | 0.101 | 1.19 (0.92–1.55) | 0.191 |
| >7.5 | 8946.9 | 119 | 13.3 | 2.03 (1.50–2.74) | 0.000 | 1.52 (1.10–2.10) | 0.012 | 1.37 (1.00–1.90) | 0.053 |
| Heart-related mortality | 116350.6 | 639 | 5.5 | ||||||
| ≤3.5 | 5241.8 | 20 | 3.8 | 1.31 (0.79–2.16) | 0.296 | 1.31 (0.74–2.33) | 0.346 | 1.31 (0.73–2.36) | 0.361 |
| 3.5–5.0 | 34376.8 | 140 | 4.1 | 1.13 (0.82–1.56) | 0.464 | 1.17 (0.84–1.63) | 0.358 | 1.16 (0.84–1.62) | 0.364 |
| 5.0–6.0 | 28414.9 | 139 | 4.9 | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | |||
| 6.0–7.5 | 33643.8 | 201 | 6.0 | 1.29 (1.02–1.64) | 0.036 | 1.24 (0.95–1.62) | 0.109 | 1.18 (0.91–1.52) | 0.218 |
| >7.5 | 14673.3 | 139 | 9.5 | 2.26 (1.73–2.94) | 0.000 | 1.64 (1.21–2.21) | 0.002 | 1.46 (1.10–1.95) | 0.010 |
| Stroke mortality** | 75196.8 | 152 | 2.0 | ||||||
| ≤3.5 | 3664.6 | 11 | 3.0 | 4.09 (1.86–9.01) | 0.001 | 4.32 (1.66–11.21) | 0.003 | 4.34 (1.66–11.35) | 0.003 |
| 3.5–5.0 | 23074.5 | 41 | 1.8 | 1.20 (0.69–2.08) | 0.503 | 1.35 (0.73–2.49) | 0.337 | 1.30 (0.71–2.39) | 0.393 |
| 5.0–6.0 | 18322.9 | 31 | 1.7 | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | |||
| 6.0–7.5 | 21187.9 | 44 | 2.1 | 1.23 (0.64–2.36) | 0.520 | 1.34 (0.67–2.68) | 0.396 | 1.32 (0.67–2.58) | 0.413 |
| >7.5 | 8946.9 | 25 | 2.8 | 1.80 (0.89–3.64) | 0.100 | 1.40 (0.61–3.19) | 0.422 | 1.27 (0.54–3.01) | 0.574 |
| Cancer mortality | 116350.6 | 630 | 5.4 | ||||||
| ≤3.5 | 5241.8 | 31 | 5.9 | 1.68 (0.97–2.92) | 0.064 | 1.73 (0.98–3.04) | 0.060 | 1.72 (0.97–3.04) | 0.063 |
| 3.5–5.0 | 34376.8 | 162 | 4.7 | 1.07 (0.81–1.39) | 0.639 | 1.04 (0.78–1.40) | 0.785 | 1.05 (0.78–1.41) | 0.758 |
| 5.0–6.0 | 28414.9 | 148 | 5.2 | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | |||
| 6.0–7.5 | 33643.8 | 179 | 5.3 | 1.15 (0.85–1.56) | 0.354 | 1.13 (0.83–1.54) | 0.434 | 1.12 (0.82–1.52) | 0.474 |
| >7.5 | 14673.3 | 110 | 7.5 | 1.37 (0.94–2.01) | 0.102 | 1.29 (0.86–1.94) | 0.220 | 1.26 (0.86–1.86) | 0.235 |
| * Unweighted values; ** estimated in NHANES 1999–2006. (n=15 583): adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity. (n=15 159): additionally adjusted for PIR ( | |||||||||