29 March 2021>: Clinical Research
Effects of Synchronized Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) on the Submental Muscles During Ingestion of a Specified Volume of Soft Food in Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Dysphagia Following Stroke
Qian Zhang 12ACE , Shuang Wu 12ABFG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.928988
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e928988
Table 4 Differences among groups in incidence of SAP before and after treatment.
Group | Before | After | P value* |
---|---|---|---|
CT N=28 | 0 (0.0%) | 6 (21.4%) | 0.010 |
ET N=28 | 0 (0.0%) | 15 (53.6%) | |
IST N=27 | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (7.4%) | 0.160 |
value** | 1.00 | 0.040 | |
value*** | N/A | 0.589 | |
value# | N/A | 0.042 | |
value## | N/A | 0.011 | |
CT – conventional training; ET – eating training; IST – intensive swallowing training; SAP – stroke-associated pneumonia. * Before vs after; ** Among the 3 groups; *** CT group vs ET group; # CT group vs IST group; ## ET group vs IST group. |