23 August 2021: Meta-Analysis
Periodontitis and Number of Teeth in the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: An Updated Meta-Analysis
Shuting Gao 1BEF , Jinhui Tian 2A , Yiting Li 1CD , Tingjie Liu 1B , Ruiping Li 1C , Lan Yang 3FG* , Zhankui Xing 1AG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.930112
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e930112
Table 3 Hazard ratio (HR) or risk ratio (RR) of included studies sorted by adjustment factors in meta-analysis with subgroup as periodontal condition.
| Reference | Subgroup | HR/RR | CI | Adjustment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gingivitis | 1.05 | 0.88–1.26 | Age, sex, race, education, poverty, alcohol, systolic blood pressure, marital status, BMI, smoking, physical activity, and cholesterol | |
| PD | 1.25 | 1.06–1.48 | ||
| Edentulous | 1.23 | 1.05–1.44 | ||
| PD | 1.04 | 0.97–1.25 | Age and smoking | |
| 1.04 | 0.86–1.25 | Multivariate# | ||
| Mild gingivitis | 1.45 | 0.85–2.48 | Age and sex | |
| Severe gingivitis | 1.82 | 1.09–3.06 | ||
| PD | 1.31 | 0.78–2.19 | ||
| Edentulous | 1.89 | 1.18–3.04 | Serum total cholesterol, diabetes status, smoking status, province of residence, hypertensive status, age and sex | |
| Mild gingivitis | 1.54 | 0.89–2.67 | ||
| Severe gingivitis | 2.15 | 1.25–3.72 | ||
| PD | 1.37 | 0.8–2.35 | ||
| Edentulous | 1.9 | 1.17–3.1 | ||
| Gingivitis | 0.99 | 0.77–1.28 | Age, age squared, sex, race, education, poverty Index, marital status, interaction term for marital status and sex | |
| 1.02 | 0.88–1.18 | |||
| PD | 1.28 | 1.02–1.61 | ||
| 1.24 | 1.08–1.43 | |||
| Gingivitis | 1.17 | 0.84–1.61 | Multivariate$ | |
| 1.05 | 0.88–1.26 | |||
| PD | 1.20 | 0.9–1.61 | ||
| 1.14 | 0.96–1.36 | |||
| Gingivitis | 1.03 | 0.87–1.21 | several well-established CVD risk factors and demographic variables | |
| PD | 1.14 | 0.98–1.34 | ||
| Edentulous | 1.13 | 0.98–1.32 | ||
| PD | 1.01 | 0.87–1.17 | Age, aspirin, cigarette, smoking, alcohol, history of hypertension, BMI, diabetes, physical activity, history of MI and angina* | |
| PD | 1.4 | 1.1–1.6 | Age, sex, education, smoking, diabetes, number of siblings, hypertension, and BMI | |
| Moderate PD | 0.73 | 0.26–2.01 | Age, gender, smoking | |
| severe PD | 0.78 | 0.27–2.21 | ||
| PD | 2.51 | 0.95–6.62 | Age | |
| 2.26 | 0.84–6.02 | Age, smoking, diabetes, hypertension and BMI | ||
| PD | 1.34 | 1.12–1.62 | Age | |
| 1.35 | 1.05–1.73 | Multivariate& | ||
| # The multivariate model includes age (continuous); body mass index (BMI) (5 categories); exercise (5 categories); smoking habits (current smoker [number of cigarettes smoked: 1–14, 15–24, 25+], former smoker, or never smoked); alcohol consumption (7 categories); family history of myocardial infarction (MI) before 60 years of age; vitamin E (5 categories). $ Multivariate model includes demographics and socioeconomic status: age, sex, race, poverty index, and cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, cigarettes, blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes, height, physical activity). * Age (years), aspirin and beta-carotene treatment assignment, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, history of hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥160 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥95 mmHg or history of treatment for high blood pressure), BMI, reported history of diabetes, physical activity (reported vigorous exercise once per week or more), parental history of myocardial infarction (MI) and history of angina. & Multivariate model includes age, race/ethnicity, BMI, education, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, family history of MI, physical activities, and C-reactive protein. BMI – body mass index; HR/RR – hazard ratio/relative risk; CI – confidence interval; MI – myocardial infarction. | ||||