Cognitive and Socioemotional Development at 5 and 9 Years of Age of Children Born with Very Low Birth Weight and Extremely Low Birth Weight in the Czech Republic

Lucie Švandová; Radek Ptáček; Martina Vňuková; Hana Ptáčková; Martin Anders; Petr Bob; Simon Weissenberger; Daniela Marková; Ivan Sebalo; Jiří Raboch; Michal Goetz

doi:10.12659/MSM.935784

29 March 2022 : Clinical Research

Cognitive and Socioemotional Development at 5 and 9 Years of Age of Children Born with Very Low Birth Weight and Extremely Low Birth Weight in the Czech Republic

Lucie Švandová

^1BDEF, Radek Ptáček^1ABDG*, Martina Vňuková^1BCDE, Hana Ptáčková^1BF, Martin Anders^1E, Petr Bob^1E, Simon Weissenberger

^1E, Daniela Marková^2AG, Ivan Sebalo

^34CD, Jiří Raboch^1EG, Michal Goetz^5ABDE

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.935784

Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e935784

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Table 4 Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) for subscales of Intelligence and Development Scales (IDS) and birth weight.Number of observations (N)=219. The Wilks’ lambda value was significant (F [8.210]=7.73, P<0.001) as were all the IDS subscales. The strongest associations (as per the R2 value) were observed for subscales of visual perception, phonological memory, and selective attention. Children with normal birth weight (NBW ≥2500 g) as a group perform better than children with very low birth weight (VLBW <1500 g) or extremely low birth weight (ELBW <1000 g) on all subscales evaluated.

Source	Statistic		df	F(df1)	F(df2)	F	Prob >F
Birth weight	W	0.77	1	8.0	210.0	7.73	0.000	e
	P	0.22		8.0	210.0	7.73	0.000	e
	L	0.29		8.0	210.0	7.73	0.000	e
	R	0.29		8.0	210.0	7.73	0.000	e
	Residual		217
	Total		218

Visual perception	219		2	2.73	0.12		30.56	<0.001
Selective attention	219		2	2.77	0.10		24.19	<0.001
Phonological memory	219		2	3.69	0.07		16.50	<0.001
Visual-spatial memory	219		2	2.66	0.02		5.39	0.021
Auditory memory	219		2	2.92	0.05		11.82	<0.001
Visual motor skills	219		2	2.61	0.11		26.94	<0.001
Expressive language	219		2	2.94	0.07		17.78	<0.001
Receptive language	219		2	2.86	0.06		16.13	<0.001


Birth weight	2.04		0.37	5.53	<0.001		1.31–2.77
Constant	8.39		0.25	33.40	<0.001		7.90–8.89

Birth weight	1.85		0.37	4.92	<0.001		1.10–2.59
Constant	8.40		0.25	32.90	<0.001		7.90–8.91

Birth weight	2.03		0.50	4.06	<0.001		1.04–3.02
Constant	10.86		0.34	31.92	<0.001		10.19–11.53

Birth weight	0.83		0.36	2.32	0.021		0.12–1.54
Constant	10.21		0.24	41.69	<0.001		9.72–10.69

Birth weight	1.36		0.39	3.44	<0.001		0.58–2.14
Constant	9.85		0.26	36.65	<0.001		9.32–10.38

Birth weight	1.83		0.35	5.19	<0.001		1.14–2.53
Constant	8.16		0.24	33.92	<0.001		7.68–8.63

Birth weight	1.68		0.39	4.22	<0.001		0.89–2.47
Constant	9.18		0.27	33.86	<0.001		8.65–9.72

Birth weight	1.55		0.38	4.02	<0.001		0.79–2.32
Constant	9.67		0.26	36.71	<0.001		9.15–10.19
W – Wilks’ lambda; P – Pillai’s trace; L – Lawley-Hotelling trace; R – Roy’s largest root; e – exact bound on F.

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Cognitive and Socioemotional Development at 5 and 9 Years of Age of Children Born with Very Low Birth Weight and Extremely Low Birth Weight in the Czech Republic

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