A Retrospective Study from a Single Center in China to Develop a Nomogram to Predict One-Year Mortality in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Who Are Receiving Hemodialysis

Wubin Yao; Yan Shen; Huaxing Huang; Hongli Yang; Xingxing Fang; Lianglan Shen

doi:10.12659/MSM.936092

19 July 2022 : Clinical Research

A Retrospective Study from a Single Center in China to Develop a Nomogram to Predict One-Year Mortality in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Who Are Receiving Hemodialysis

Wubin Yao^1AEG, Yan Shen^1AE, Huaxing Huang^1ABCD, Hongli Yang^1BCD, Xingxing Fang^1BCD, Lianglan Shen^1AE*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936092

Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e936092

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Table 1 Possible factors related to the mortality of end-stage renal disease patients receiving hemodialysis as shown by univariate Cox regression analysis.

Variables	β	S.E.	χ2	HR (95% CI)	P
Age	0.050	0.009	33.187	1.05 (1.03–1.07)	<0.001
Sex
Male				Ref
Female	−0.154	0.209	0.545	0.86 (0.57–1.29)	0.460
BMI	−0.041	0.028	2.190	0.96 (0.91–1.01)	0.139
Primary diseases
Polycystic kidney				Ref
Hypertensive nephropathy	−0.042	0.413	0.010	0.96 (0.43–2.15)	0.919
Chronic glomerulonephritis	−0.841	0.413	4.137	0.43 (0.19–0.97)	0.042
Diabetic nephropathy	0.208	0.375	0.307	1.23 (0.59–2.57)	0.579
Other^*	0.865	0.429	4.059	2.37 (1.02–5.51)	0.044
Hypertension (Yes)	0.216	0.340	0.403	1.24 (0.64–2.41)	0.526
Type of diabetes
Normal				Ref
Type I	−0.204	1.013	0.040	0.82 (0.11–5.94)	0.841
Type II	0.518	0.207	6.247	1.68 (1.12–2.52)	0.012
Hyperlipidemia (Yes)	−0.156	0.461	0.114	0.86 (0.35–2.11)	0.735
Myocardial infarction or revascularization (Yes)	−0.174	0.460	0.143	0.84 (0.34–2.07)	0.705
Congestive heart failure (Yes)	0.674	0.233	8.400	1.96 (1.24–3.09)	0.004
Stroke (Yes)	−0.064	0.587	0.012	0.94 (0.30–2.97)	0.913
Peripheral vascular disease (Yes)	0.778	0.718	1.175	2.18 (0.53–8.88)	0.278
Other cardiovascular diseases (Yes)	0.925	0.423	4.783	2.52 (1.10–5.78)	0.029
History of cancer (Yes)	0.591	0.393	2.254	1.81 (0.83–3.90)	0.133
Hypotensive drugs (Yes)	0.043	0.294	0.021	1.04 (0.59–1.86)	0.884
Hypoglycemic drugs (Yes)	0.497	0.206	5.820	1.64 (1.10–2.46)	0.016
ACEI or ARBs (Yes)	−0.517	0.511	1.023	0.60 (0.22–1.62)	0.312
β-receptor antagonists (Yes)	−0.221	0.217	1.036	0.80 (0.52–1.23)	0.309
Statins (Yes)	0.806	0.237	11.589	2.24 (1.41–3.56)	<0.001
Antiplatelet drugs (Yes)	0.799	0.226	12.536	2.22 (1.43–3.46)	<0.001
Diuretic (Yes)	0.515	0.240	4.598	1.67 (1.05–2.68)	0.032
UA reduction medicine (Yes)	0.195	0.423	0.213	1.22 (0.53–2.78)	0.645
Aldosterone receptor antagonist (Yes)	0.175	0.352	0.248	1.19 (0.60–2.38)	0.618
Immunotherapy (Yes)	−0.338	0.461	0.538	0.71 (0.29–1.76)	0.463
Oncotherapy (Yes)	0.591	0.393	2.254	1.81 (0.83–3.90)	0.133
WBC	0.033	0.014	5.579	1.03 (1.01–1.06)	0.018
Hemoglobin	0.010	0.005	3.937	1.01 (1.01–1.02)	0.047
PLT	0.001	0.001	0.984	1.01 (1.01–1.01)	0.321
Lymphocyte	0.030	0.186	0.025	1.03 (0.71–1.48)	0.873
PLR	0.002	0.001	4.293	1.01 (1.01–1.01)	0.038
AKP	0.005	0.001	13.146	1.01 (1.01–1.01)	<0.001
GGT	0.002	0.001	9.462	1.01 (1.01–1.01)	0.002
ALB	−0.062	0.019	10.733	0.94 (0.91–0.98)	0.001
TBIL	0.014	0.004	15.471	1.01 (1.01–1.02)	<0.001
TBA	0.027	0.010	6.885	1.03 (1.01–1.05)	0.009
UA	0.001	0.001	0.629	1.01 (1.01–1.01)	0.428
β microglobulin	−0.014	0.010	1.937	0.99 (0.97–1.01)	0.164
Cr	−0.002	0.000	12.450	0.99 (0.99–0.99)	<0.001
CysC	−0.172	0.072	5.682	0.84 (0.73–0.97)	0.017
eGFR	0.135	0.036	14.184	1.14 (1.07–1.23)	<0.001
TC	−0.135	0.091	2.204	0.87 (0.73–1.04)	0.138
TG	0.034	0.076	0.193	1.03 (0.89–1.20)	0.661
HDL	−0.553	0.340	2.654	0.57 (0.30–1.12)	0.103
LDL	−0.228	0.122	3.464	0.80 (0.63–1.01)	0.063
APOA	−1.162	0.429	7.339	0.31 (0.14–0.73)	0.007
APOB	−0.348	0.385	0.816	0.71 (0.33–1.50)	0.366
LIPα	−0.000	0.000	0.527	0.99 (0.99–0.99)	0.468
TnI	0.112	0.064	3.066	1.12 (0.99–1.27)	0.080
BNP	0.000	0.000	1.387	1.01 (1.01–1.01)	0.239
Hs-CRP	0.007	0.002	9.319	1.01 (1.01–1.01)	0.002
TSH	0.033	0.048	0.469	1.03 (0.94–1.14)	0.494
GLU	0.030	0.046	0.434	1.03 (0.94–1.13)	0.510
LDH	0.000	0.000	2.738	1.01 (1.01–1.01)	0.098
α-HBDH	0.001	0.001	2.901	1.01 (1.01–1.01)	0.089
CK	−0.000	0.000	0.736	0.99 (0.99–0.99)	0.391
CK-MB	0.013	0.009	2.383	1.01 (1.01–1.03)	0.123
Serum potassium	0.159	0.109	2.117	1.17 (0.95–1.45)	0.146
Serum phosphorus	−0.145	0.138	1.116	0.86 (0.66–1.13)	0.291
Serum calcium	−0.271	0.399	0.462	0.76 (0.35–1.67)	0.497
IVST	−0.006	0.054	0.011	0.99 (0.89–1.11)	0.917
LVEDD	−0.020	0.020	0.970	0.98 (0.94–1.02)	0.325
LVESD	−0.010	0.018	0.294	0.99 (0.96–1.03)	0.587
LVPWT	−0.054	0.063	0.733	0.95 (0.84–1.07)	0.392
LVMW	−0.002	0.001	1.200	0.99 (0.99–0.99)	0.273
Body surface area	−0.766	0.529	2.095	0.46 (0.16–1.31)	0.148
LVML	−0.001	0.003	0.236	0.99 (0.99–0.99)	0.627
BMI – body mass index; ^* other – included systemic lupus erythematosus, gouty nephropathy, obstructive nephropathy, ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis; WBC – white blood cell; PLT – platelets; PLR – platelet/lymphocyte ratio; AKP – alkaline phosphatase; GGT – glutamyl transpeptidase; ALB – albumin; TBIL – total bilirubin; TBA – total bile acid; UA – uric acid; Cr – creatinine; CysC – cystatin C; eGFR – estimated glomerular filtration rate; TC – total cholesterol; TG – triglyceride; HDL – high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL – low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; APOA – apolipoprotein A; APOB – apolipoprotein B; LIPα – lipoprotein α; TnI – troponin I; BNP – brain natriuretic peptide; Hs-CRP – hypersensitive c-reactive protein; TSH – thyroid-stimulating hormone; GLU – glucose; LDH – lactic dehydrogenase; α-HBDH – α-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase; CK – creatine kinase; CK-MB – creatine kinase-MB; ACEI – angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARBs – angiotensin-receptor blockers; IVST – end-diastolic ventricular septal thickness; LVEDD – left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD – left ventricular end-systolic diameter; LVPWT – left ventricular posterior wall thickness; LVML – left ventricular mass index; HR – hazard ratio; CI – confidence interval.

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A Retrospective Study from a Single Center in China to Develop a Nomogram to Predict One-Year Mortality in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Who Are Receiving Hemodialysis

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