13 January 2023 : Clinical Research
Elevated Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF-23) Perseveres into a Convalescence Period After Elective Cardiac Surgery, with Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κB Ligand (RANKL) and Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP) Being Part of the Peri-Surgical Pro-Arteriosclerotic Inflammatory Response
Da Liu1BE, Wilson Y. Szeto2E, Krzysztof Laudanski3ACDE*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.937934
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e937934
Table 1 Patient characteristics and surgical details.
| Demographics (N=90) | [n/N (%)] |
|---|---|
| Age [years±SD] | 64.1±12.15 |
| Over 60 | 67/90 (74.44%) |
| Sex | |
| Male | 69/90 (76.67%) |
| Female | 21/90 (23.33%) |
| Race | |
| Black | 4/90 (4.44%) |
| White | 79/90 (87.87%) |
| Other/Asian/Unknown | 7/90 (7.69%) |
| Weight [kg] (mean±SD) | 83.7±20.06 |
| BMI (mean±SD) | 27.5±5.71 |
| Charleston Comorbidity Index [χ±SD] | 4.0±2.02 |
| Acute coronary syndrome | 13/90 (14.44%) |
| Chronic heart failure | 14/90 (15.56%) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 8/90 (8.89%) |
| Cerebrovascular accident/transient ischemic attack | 10/90 (11.11%) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder | 8/90 (8.99%) |
| Diabetes melitus | 26/90 (28.89%) |
| Duration of anesthesia; mean±SD [min] | 3745±98.8 |
| Duration of surgery; mean±SD [min] | 265.9±92.95 |
| Duration of cardiopulmonary bypass; mean±SD [min] | 131.6±58.73 |
| Coronary artery bypass surgery | 44/90 (48.89%) |
| Mitral valvuloplasty & replacement | 14/90 (15.56%) |
| Aortic valvuloplasty & replacement | 24/90 (26.67%) |
| Aortic aneurysm repair | 6/90 (6.67%) |
| Others | 3/90 (3.33%) |
| Estimated Blood Loss mean±SD [mL] | 202±270.9 |
| Transfused Packed Red Blood Cells, mean; (IQ25; IQ75) [mL] | 85±236.1 |
| Transfused Fresh Frozen Plasma, mean; (IQ25; IQ75) [mL] | 51±186 |
| Ketorolac administration | 7/90 (7.87%) |
| Acetaminophen administration | 72/90 (79.78%) |
| Acetylsalicylic acid administration | 67/90 (74.16%) |
| Total opioids administration [mg] | 88.82±9.01 |
| Total benzodiazepines administration [mg] | 3.7±1.71 |
| APACHE score at 1 h | 17.4±5.85 |
| APACHE score at 24 h | 9.7±4.93 |
| APACHE score at 48 h | 9.5±5.31 |
| LOS ICU | 8.7±43.2 |
| LOS hospital | 10.7±22.3 |
| Discharged home | 75/90 (83.33%) |
| Discharged to healthcare facility | 14/90 (15.56%) |
| Death | 1/90 (1.11%) |
| APACHE – Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; LOS – length of stay; ICU – Intensive Care Unit. | |