09 September 2022 : Clinical Research
Use of Mobile Apps and Wearables to Monitor Diet, Weight, and Physical Activity: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Adults in Poland
Adam Żarnowski1ABCDEF*, Mateusz Jankowski2ACE, Mariusz Gujski1ADEDOI: 10.12659/MSM.937948
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e937948
Table 2 Respondents’ attitudes towards the use of mHealth technologies to control diet, weight, and physical activity (n=1070).
| The use of mHealth technologies to control diet, weight, and physical activity – percentage of respondents who answered “yes” by sociodemographic factors | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Mobile application to monitor physical activity | Mobile application to control the diet | A band or a watch to monitor physical activity | Smart bathroom scale | ||||
| n (%) | p | n (%) | p | n (%) | p | n (%) | p | |
| 174 (16.3) | 142 (13.3) | 248 (23.2) | 154 (14.4) | |||||
| Female | 90 (15.8) | 0.7 | 84 (14.7) | 0.1 | 136 (23.9) | 0.6 | 78 (13.7) | 0.5 |
| Male | 84 (16.8) | 58 (11.6) | 112 (22.4) | 76 (15.2) | ||||
| 18–29 | 66 (28.0) | 59 (25.0) | 77 (32.6) | 36 (15.3) | 0.7 | |||
| 30–39 | 45 (21.0) | 38 (17.8) | 57 (26.6) | 36 (16.8) | ||||
| 40–49 | 22 (12.1) | 23 (12.6) | 40 (22.0) | 22 (12.1) | ||||
| 50–59 | 20 (10.5) | 13 (6.8) | 42 (22.1) | 27 (14.2) | ||||
| 60+ | 21 (8.5) | 9 (3.6) | 32 (12.9) | 33 (13.3) | ||||
| Primary | 4 (16.7) | 0.1 | 2 (8.3) | 0.7 | 3 (12.5) | 0.4 | 3 (12.5) | 0.08 |
| Vocational | 11 (10.3) | 11 (10.3) | 20 (18.7) | 7 (6.5) | ||||
| Secondary | 72 (15.2) | 64 (13.5) | 113 (23.8) | 77 (16.2) | ||||
| Higher | 87 (18.8) | 65 (14.0) | 112 (24.1) | 67 (14.4) | ||||
| Single | 47 (20.5) | 38 (16.6) | 48 (21.0) | 0.6 | 32 (14.0) | 0.4 | ||
| Married | 70 (13.0) | 63 (11.7) | 123 (22.8) | 77 (14.3) | ||||
| Informal relationship | 40 (23.0) | 34 (19.5) | 48 (27.6) | 32 (18.4) | ||||
| Divorced | 7 (16.3) | 1 (2.3) | 9 (20.9) | 5 (11.6) | ||||
| Widowed | 10 (11.9) | 6 (7.1) | 20 (23.8) | 8 (9.5) | ||||
| Yes | 90 (13.3) | 70 (10.3) | 153 (22.6) | 0.6 | 94 (13.9) | 0.5 | ||
| No | 84 (21.4) | 72 (18.3) | 95 (24.2) | 60 (15.3) | ||||
| Living alone | 24 (16.3) | 0.9 | 18 (12.2) | 0.7 | 24 (16.3) | 20 (13.6) | 0.8 | |
| Living with at least one person | 150 (16.3) | 124 (13.4) | 224 (24.3) | 134 (14.5) | ||||
| Yes | 62 (16.7) | 0.8 | 60 (16.1) | 109 (29.3) | 55 (14.8) | 0.8 | ||
| No | 112 (16.0) | 82 (11.7) | 139 (19.9) | 99 (14.2) | ||||
| Rural | 46 (12.9) | 45 (12.6) | 0.8 | 83 (23.2) | 0.6 | 49 (13.7) | 0.9 | |
| City below 20,000 residents | 16 (11.9) | 15 (11.1) | 32 (23.7) | 19 (14.1) | ||||
| City from 20,000 to 99,999 residents | 46 (20.3) | 34 (15.0) | 57 (25.1) | 33 (14.5) | ||||
| City from 100,000 to 499,999 residents | 34 (16.8) | 28 (13.9) | 49 (24.3) | 33 (16.3) | ||||
| City above 500,000 residents | 32 (21.5) | 20 (13.4) | 27 (18.1) | 20 (13.4) | ||||
| Active | 128 (19.2) | 103 (15.5) | 180 (27.0) | 100 (15.0) | 0.5 | |||
| Passive | 46 (11.4) | 39 (9.7) | 68 (16.8) | 54 (13.4) | ||||
| Rather good, good or very good | 78 (19.0) | 0.1 | 65 (15.9) | 0.1 | 116 (28.3) | 59 (14.4) | 0.8 | |
| Moderate/difficult to tell | 61 (14.2) | 48 (11.2) | 92 (21.4) | 59 (13.7) | ||||
| Rather bad, bad or very good | 35 (15.2) | 29 (12.6) | 40 (17.4) | 36 (15.7) | ||||
| Yes | 62 (12.9) | 57 (11.9) | 0.2 | 109 (22.7) | 0.7 | 81 (16.8) | ||
| No | 112 (19.0) | 85 (14.4) | 139 (23.6) | 73 (12.4) | ||||
| Rather good, good or very good | 97 (20.6) | 75 (15.9) | 0.06 | 117 (24.8) | 0.4 | 69 (14.6) | 0.4 | |
| Moderate/difficult to tell | 62 (12.4) | 54 (10.8) | 107 (21.3) | 67 (13.3) | ||||
| Rather bad, bad or very good | 15 (15.6) | 13 (13.5) | 24 (25.0) | 18 (18.8) | ||||
| Yes | 71 (23.1) | 71 (23.1) | 89 (29.0) | 0.004 | 65 (21.2) | |||
| No | 103 (13.5) | 71 (9.3) | 159 (20.8) | 89 (11.7) | ||||
| Yes | 129 (20.6) | 111 (17.7) | 172 (27.5) | 129 (20.6) | ||||
| No | 45 (10.1) | 31 (7.0) | 76 (17.1) | 25 (5.6) | ||||
| Everyday | 40 (22.7) | 29 (16.5) | 53 (30.1) | 39 (22.2) | ||||
| 3–4 Times per week | 48 (24.9) | 37 (19.2) | 55 (28.5) | 43 (22.3) | ||||
| 1–2 Times per week | 40 (18.2) | 30 (13.6) | 54 (24.5) | 31 (14.1) | ||||
| 2–3 Times per month | 14 (14.3) | 19 (19.4) | 23 (23.5) | 13 (13.3) | ||||
| Once per month | 8 (18.6) | 5 (11.6) | 10 (23.3) | 6 (14.0) | ||||
| Less than once per month | 18 (12.6) | 13 (9.1) | 31 (21.7) | 13 (9.1) | ||||
| Never | 6 (3.0) | 9 (4.6) | 22 (11.2) | 9 (4.6) | ||||
| Daily smoker | 36 (14.1) | 0.1 | 35 (13.7) | 0.08 | 59 (23.0) | 0.051 | 37 (14.5) | 0.4 |
| Occassional smoker | 20 (23.3) | 18 (20.9) | 29 (33.7) | 14 (16.3) | ||||
| Non-smokers | 118 (16.2) | 89 (12.2) | 160 (22.0) | 103 (14.1) | ||||
| Everyday | 8 (15.7) | 10 (19.6) | 0.1 | 14 (27.5) | 0.2 | 13 (25.5) | ||
| 3–4 Times per week | 20 (18.2) | 18 (16.4) | 25 (22.7) | 14 (12.7) | ||||
| 1–2 Times per week | 48 (20.4) | 30 (12.8) | 61 (26.0) | 37 (15.7) | ||||
| 2–3 Times per month | 34 (18.3) | 31 (16.7) | 52 (28.0) | 32 (17.2) | ||||
| Once per month | 16 (13.8) | 15 (12.9) | 25 (21.6) | 21 (18.1) | ||||
| Less than once per month | 36 (16.7) | 27 (12.6) | 45 (20.9) | 22 (10.2) | ||||
| Never | 12 (7.6) | 11 (7.0) | 26 (16.6) | 15 (9.6) | ||||
| Yes | 42 (35.0) | 38 (31.7) | 47 (39.2) | 32 (26.7) | ||||
| No | 132 (13.9) | 104 (10.9) | 201 (21.2) | 122 (12.8) | ||||
| Yes | 37 (31.9) | 36 (31.0) | 46 (39.7) | 28 (24.1) | ||||
| No | 137 (14.4) | 106 (11.1) | 202 (21.2) | 126 (13.2) | ||||