15 February 2023: Clinical Research
Outcomes Following Carotid Endarterectomy and Carotid Artery Stenting in Patients with Carotid Artery Stenosis: A Retrospective Study from a Single Center in South Korea
Myung Ji Kim BCDE , Sung-Kon Ha AFG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939223
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939223
Table 1 Comparison of baseline demographics and characteristics of carotid stenosis between CEA and CAS groups.
| Total (n=61) | CEA (n=36) | CAS (n=25) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 69.7±9.2 (48–90) | 70.3±8.1 | 68.9±10.6 | 0.582 |
| Sex | 1.000 | |||
| Male | 50 (82.0%) | 29 (80.6%) | 21 (84.0%) | |
| Female | 11 (18.0%) | 7 (19.4%) | 4 (16.0%) | |
| Follow-up, months | 19.8±15.4 (6–59) | 22.5±17.6 | 15.9±10.7 | 0.270 |
| BMI | 23.7±3.3 (16.9–30.0) | 23.9±3.4 | 23.5±3.0 | 0.878 |
| Hypertension (HTN) | 47 (77.0%) | 28 (77.8%) | 19 (76.0%) | 1.000 |
| Diabetes mellitus (DM) | 25 (41.0%) | 17 (47.2%) | 8 (32.0%) | 0.294 |
| Smoking | ||||
| Ex-smoker | 15 (24.6%) | 9 (25.0%) | 6 (24.0%) | 1.000 |
| Current smoker | 19 (31.1%) | 10 (27.8%) | 9 (36.0%) | 0.579 |
| LDL-cholesterol | 82.6±28.7 (37–171) | 19.1±24.2 | 87.5±34.0 | 0.491 |
| Coronary vascular disease | 7 (11.5%) | 4 (11.1%) | 3 (12.0%) | 1.000 |
| Myocardial infarction (MI) | 2 (3.3%) | 1 (2.8%) | 1 (4.0%) | 1.000 |
| Arterial fibrillation | 3 (4.9%) | 2 (5.6%) | 1 (4.0%) | 1.000 |
| Congestive heart failure | 3 (4.9%) | 2 (5.6%) | 1 (4.0%) | 1.000 |
| Coronary artery bypass graft | 2 (3.3%) | 1 (2.8%) | 1 (4.0%) | 1.000 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 2 (3.3%) | 1 (2.8%) | 1 (4.0%) | 1.000 |
| Previous antiplatelet | 27 (44.3%) | 16 (44.4%) | 11 (44.0%) | 1.000 |
| Previous anticoagulant | 4 (6.6%) | 3 (8.3%) | 1 (4.0%) | 0.638 |
| Previous lipid-lowering drug | 18 (29.5%) | 9 (25.0%) | 9 (36.0%) | 0.401 |
| Previous anti-HTN medication | 47 (77.0%) | 28 (77.8%) | 19 (76.0%) | 1.000 |
| Previous anti-DM medication | 25 (41.0%) | 17 (47.2%) | 8 (32.0%) | 0.294 |
| Direction of carotid stenosis to be treated | 0.115 | |||
| Right | 26 (42.6%) | 12 (33.3%) | 14 (56.0%) | |
| Left | 35 (57.4%) | 24 (66.7%) | 11 (44.0%) | |
| Degree of carotid stenosis to be treated | 84.3±9.6 (61–98) | 87.0±9.1 | 80.5±9.3 | |
| Contralateral carotid stenosis 70–100% | 13 (21.3%) | 6 (16.7%) | 7 (28.0%) | 0.349 |
| Degree | 77.7±9.8 (70–100) | 74.0±3.2 | 80.9±12.5 | 0.518 |
| Plaque ulceration | 20 (32.8%) | 20 (55.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Symptomatic | 44 (72.1%) | 24 (66.7%) | 20 (80.0%) | 0.385 |
| Infarction | 35 (79.5%) | 19 (52.8%) | 16 (64.0%) | 0.438 |
| TIA | 9 (20.5%) | 5 (13.9%) | 4 (16.0%) | 1.000 |
| Asymptomatic | 17 (27.9%) | 12 (33.3%) | 5 (20.0%) | 0.385 |
| NIHSS | 2.2±3.5 (0–16) | 1.6±2.9 | 2.9±4.2 | 0.270 |
| mRS | 1.4±1.6 (0–5) | 1.3±1.5 | 1.6±1.6 | 0.540 |
| 0–1 | 36 (59.0%) | 23 (63.9%) | 13 (52.0%) | |
| 2–3 | 20 (32.8%) | 11 (30.6%) | 9 (36.0%) | |
| 4–5 | 5 (8.2%) | 2 (5.5%) | 3 (12.0%) | |
| BMI – body mass index; CAS – carotid artery stenting; CEA – carotid endarterectomy; DWI – diffusion-weighted image; LDL – low-density lipoprotein; mRS – modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS – National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; TIA – transient ischemic attack. Descriptive statistics are presented as mean±standard deviation (range). Boldface type indicates statistical significance ( | ||||