23 February 2023: Review Articles
Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Lower Back Pain Associated with Spinal Stenosis: A Narrative Review
Dawid Sobański 12ADEF* , Rafał Staszkiewicz 13ADEF , Magdalena Stachura 24EF , Marcin Gadzieliński 3EF , Beniamin Oskar Grabarek 13AEFDOI: 10.12659/MSM.939237
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939237
Background
Causes of Pain Syndromes of the Lumbar Spine
General Characteristics of Degenerative Stenosis of the Lumbar Region of the Spine
Pathomechanism of Pain Syndromes of the Spine
Clinical Symptoms for Patients with Stenosis of the Lumbar Region of the Spine
Differentiation in Degenerative Stenosis of the Lumbar Spine
Radiological Diagnosis of Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Stenosis of the Spine
Pharmacotherapy, Rehabilitation, and Surgical Treatment of Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Spine Stenosis
Rehabilitation Treatment of Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Spine Stenosis
Future Directions
Conclusions
References
Table 2 Categories of spinal pain according to the location of pain and the type of pathology.
| Category | Cause of pain |
|---|---|
| Static-muscular pain | Resulting from long-term or inappropriate pressure on the spine connected with the overburdening and extending of its structures |
| Reflex muscular pain | Occurring as a consequence of reflex muscle contraction caused by irritation of the nerve roots |
| Dural pain | Generally acute in its character and occurring with vertebrae damage or osteoporosis |
| Vegetative pain | Resulting from irritation of the sympathetic nerves |