Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Lower Back Pain Associated with Spinal Stenosis: A Narrative Review

23 February 2023 : Review article

Dawid Sobański^12ADEF*, Rafał Staszkiewicz^13ADEF, Magdalena Stachura^24EF, Marcin Gadzieliński^3EF, Beniamin Oskar Grabarek^13AEF

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939237

Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939237

Background Causes of Pain Syndromes of the Lumbar Spine General Characteristics of Degenerative Stenosis of the Lumbar Region of the Spine Pathomechanism of Pain Syndromes of the Spine Clinical Symptoms for Patients with Stenosis of the Lumbar Region of the Spine Differentiation in Degenerative Stenosis of the Lumbar Spine Radiological Diagnosis of Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Stenosis of the Spine Pharmacotherapy, Rehabilitation, and Surgical Treatment of Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Spine Stenosis Rehabilitation Treatment of Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Spine Stenosis Future Directions Conclusions References

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Table 5 Surgical procedures that allow patients to retain spinal motion on the operated levels or that result in stiffening and spondylodesis.

Surgical procedures that allow patients to retain spinal motion on the operated levels	Surgical procedures that result in stiffening and spondylodesis
Laminectomy	From the posterior or posterolateral approach
Hemilaminectomy	Posterior lumbar interbody fusion – PLIF
Partial hemilaminectomy – fenestration	Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion – TILF
Foraminotomy	Posterior transpedicular spondylodesis (classic and percutaneous)
Microdiscectomy	Spinal osteotomies
Implanting an interspinous distraction device	From the anterior approach
Implanting a disc prosthesis or a nucleus pulposus prosthesis	Anterior lumbar interbody fusion
	Anterior spondylodesis with the use of pedicle screws
	Spinal osteotomies
	Lateral lumbar interbody fusion

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