Understanding Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in High-Altitude Environments: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnosis and Treatment

20 July 2023: Review Articles

Litao Guo ^1ABEF* , Jingjing Sun ^1CEF* , Zongzhao He ^2BF* , Qindong Shi ^1AEF* , Siqing Ma ^2ADFG**

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939935

Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939935

Table 1 Diagnostic criteria of blood gas on different elevations (mmHg) [6].

Elevation	PaO2 (FiO2=0.21)		PaO2/FiO2		P(A-a)O2 (FiO2=1.0)		SaO2 (%)
(m)	ALI	ARDS	ALI	ARDS	ALI	ARDS	ALI	ARDS
≥1500–	≤50	≤45	≤250	≤180	≥150	≥200	≤85	≤80
≥2000–	≤45	≤40	≤200	≤150	≥200	≥300	≤80	≤70
≥2500–	≤40	≤35	≤150	≤100	≥250	≥300	≤70	≤60
1 mmHg=0.133 kPa. PaO – partial pressure of arterial oxygen; FiO – fraction of inspired oxygen; P(A-a) O – alveolus-arteria oxygen partial pressure differ; SaO – arterial oxygen saturation; ARDS – acute respiratory distress syndrome; ALI – acute lung injury.