24 October 2023 : Clinical Research
Comparison of Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite Bone Graft with Empty Defects in Long Bone Fractures: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Jonas Pawelke1ABCDEF, Vithusha Vinayahalingam1ABE, Christian Heiss12D, Matthäus Budak2E, Thaqif El Khassawna1ABCDE*, Gero Knapp2ABCDEFDOI: 10.12659/MSM.941112
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e941112
Table 5 Overview of the number of complications in both treatment groups and significance between the empty defect (ED) group and the nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite paste treatment (NCHA) group.
| Complication | Relevant to total number of patients 110 (100%) | Relevant to the NHA group 55 (100%) | Relevant to the ED group 55 (100%) | p-value (ED vs NHA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of complications | 50 (45.5%) | 25 (45.5%) | 24 (43.6%) | 1.0 |
| Pseudarthrosis | 8 (7.3%) | 4 (7.3%) | 4 (7.3%) | 1.0 |
| Necrosis | 1 (0.9%) | 1 (1.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.0 |
| Infection | 4 (3.6%) | 1 (1.8%) | 3 (5.5%) | 0.62 |
| Ligamentous or muscular injury | 5 (4.5%) | 1 (1.8%) | 4 (7.3%) | 0.36 |
| CRPS | 4 (3.6%) | 2 (3.6%) | 2 (3.6%) | 1.0 |
| Osteoporosis by inactivity | 4 (3.6%) | 2 (3.6%) | 2 (3.6%) | 1.0 |
| Posttraumatic arthrosis | 22 (20%) | 9 (16.4%) | 13 (23.6%) | 0.48 |
| Dead prior final examination | 1 (0.9%) | 1 (1.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.0 |
| Secondary dislocation | 6 (5.5%) | 3 (5.5%) | 3 (5.5%) | 1.0 |
| Psychical disease | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.0 |
| Neurological disease | 7 (6.4%) | 3 (5.5%) | 4 (7.3%) | 1.0 |
| Premature plate removement | 2 (1.8%) | 1 (1.8%) | 1 (1.8%) | 1.0 |
| Delayed bone healing | 1 (0.9%) | 1 (1.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.0 |
| Pseudarthrosis collateral bone (does not count for total number of complications) | 22 (20.0%) | 11 (20.0%) | 11 (20.0%) | 1.0 |