26 October 2023: Clinical Research
Identifying Predominant Causes of Death Among Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients During Poland’s Second and Third Waves
Irina Niecwietajewa 1ABCDEFG , Michał Frączek 2ABCDEFG* , Maria Mroczkowska 3BC , Mariusz Frączek 3ABCDEFGDOI: 10.12659/MSM.941455
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e941455
Table 5 Relationship between sex and direct cause of death in patients with COVID-19*.
| Direct cause of death | Gender | AllN=204 | Chi-2 test | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FemaleN=79 | MaleN=125 | |||||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | Chi-2 | p | |
| COVID lung disease | 60 | 75.95 | 68 | 54.4 | 128 | 62.74 | 9.616 | 0.002 |
| HAP | 3 | 3.8 | 8 | 6.4 | 11 | 5.4 | 0.643 | 0.423 |
| VAP | 5 | 6.3 | 27 | 21.6 | 32 | 15.7 | 8.535 | 0.004 |
| Sepsis other | 7 | 8.9 | 6 | 4.8 | 13 | 6.4 | 1.338 | 0.247 |
| Heart failure | 5 | 6.3 | 6 | 4.8 | 11 | 5.4 | 0.222 | 0.638 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 5 | 6.3 | 6 | 4.8 | 11 | 5.4 | 0.222 | 0.638 |
| Other thromboembolic complications | 1 | 1.3 | 6 | 4.8 | 7 | 3.4 | 1.825 | 0.177 |
| * N and% do not sum up to 100 because there could be more than 1 cause of death. | ||||||||