10 November 2023: Clinical Research
Changes in Upper Airway Anatomy Following Orthodontic Treatment for Malocclusion: A Comparative Retrospective Study in 96 Patients
Betul Yuzbasioglu Ertugrul 12ABCDEFG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.941749
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e941749
Table 1 The upper airway size measured on cephalometric films in patient groups (Class I, Class II, and Class III) participating in the study.
| Class I Groups (n: 32)After treatment (T1) | Class I Group (n: 32)Before treatment (T0) | Class II Group (n: 32)After treatment (T1) | Class II Group (n: 32)Before treatment (T0) | Class III Group (n: 32)After Treatment (T1) | Class III Group (n: 32)Before Treatment (T0) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MHD (mm) | 433.2±49.4 | 446.8±71.4 | 434.2±27.4 | 440.8±27.4 | 400.4±32 | 403.6±9.4 | (p |
| PHD (mm) | 524.6±29.6 | 551.3±32.5 | 555±53.4 | 548.6±67.5 | 556.2±21.8 | 573.8±41.1 | (p |
| UPD (mm) | 178.6±15.5 | 181.6±12.7 | 141.2±25.1 | 153.2±67.1 | 146.1±4.2 | 138.7±29.1 | (p |
| MPD (mm) | 73.5±16.3 | 78±27.2 | 77.2±44.2 | 75.6±2.3 | 82.5±38.8 | 73.7±27.1 | (p |
| LPD (mm) | 75.4±2.8 | 77.2±6.7 | 79.6±10.6 | 90.8±19.4 | 85.8±27.2 | 78.7±36.7 | (p |
| CHD (mm) | 55.7±4.3 | 60.5±16.2 | 64.2±8.7 | 64.8±23.9 | 62.6±40.8 | 62±8.6 | (p |
| SPD (mm) | 306.2±31.8 | 308.5±64.6 | 312.6±70.2 | 340±48.5 | 269.2±7.7 | 287.4±24.8 | (p |
| MHD – Me-H distance; PHD – PNS-H distance; UPD – Upper Pharyngeal Distance; MPD – Middle Pharyngeal Distance; LPD – Lower Pharyngeal Distance; CHD – C3-H distance (CHD); SPD – Soft Palate Length. Class I group: Skeletal Class I malocclusion. Class II group: Skeletal Class II malocclusion. and Class III group: Skeletal Class III malocclusion. Group significantly different from other groups ( | |||||||