23 December 2023: Clinical Research
Assessment of Sleeping Disorders, Characteristics, and Sleeping Medication Use Among Pharmacy Students in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Quantitative Study
Wajid Syed 1ABCDEFG* , Mahmood Basil A. Al-Rawi 2ABCDEFGDOI: 10.12659/MSM.942147
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e942147
Table 4 Association between insomnia severity scores and participant’s characteristics.
| Insomnia severity score | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants characteristics | Mean (SD) | F value** | t-value* | p-value |
| Male | 10.71 (5.86) | −.129 | 0.801 | |
| Female | 10.84 (5.79) | |||
| 18–25 | 10.84 (5.82) | 1.633 | 0.111 | |
| 26–30 | 5.33 (2.08) | |||
| −.042 | ||||
| Saudi | 10.74 (5.78) | 0.383 | ||
| Non-Saudi | 10.81 (6.45) | |||
| .236 | ||||
| Third year | 10.85 (5.64) | 0.382 | ||
| Fourth-year | 10.64 (6.04) | |||
| Smoker | 11.85 (5.61) | |||
| Ex-smoker | 18.40 (5.68) | 5.302 | 0.006 | |
| I don’t smoke | 10.34 (5.69) | |||
| 0.00 | ||||
| Yes | 9.97 (6.00) | −1.805 | 0.471 | |
| No | 11.55 (5.55) | |||
| 1.681 | ||||
| Yes | 13.00 (7.51) | 0.048 | ||
| No | 10.51 (5.59) | |||
| 13.08 (5.92) | 0.0001 | |||
| 6–10 hours | 9.41 (5.34) | 8.453 | ||
| >10 hours | 10.80 (6.64) | |||
| 7.11 (5.57) | 0.0001 | |||
| 10–20 minutes | 10.93 (4.72) | 17.405 | ||
| >30 minutes | 13.55 (5.99) | |||
| Only night | 8.74 (5.54) | −3.530 | 0.798 | |
| Day and night | 11.88 (5.70) | |||
| * Independent sample test; ** Anova. | ||||