Long-Term Prognosis of Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The Impact of Serum Creatinine Levels on All-Cause Mortality

Chenghao Yang; Lingxiao Zhang; Xinyue Ding; Zhang Hui; Junqing Gao; Zongjun Liu

doi:10.12659/MSM.943063

29 May 2024 : Database Analysis

Long-Term Prognosis of Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The Impact of Serum Creatinine Levels on All-Cause Mortality

Chenghao Yang^12ABCDEF, Lingxiao Zhang^12CDE, Xinyue Ding^1ABF, Zhang Hui^1CD, Junqing Gao^1AB, Zongjun Liu^1ABG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.943063

Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e943063

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Table 2 The results of univariate analysis.

	StatisticsMean±SD or N (%)	Clinical eventsOR (95%CI)	P value	All cause deathOR (95%CI)	P value	Cardiac deathOR (95%CI)	P value	AMIOR (95%CI)	P value	StrokeOR (95%CI)	P value
Creatinine, μmol/L	72.531±33.999	1.004 (1.001, 1.007)	0.0037	1.006 (1.003, 1.009)	0.0005	1.000 (0.993, 1.008)	0.9734	0.998 (0.990, 1.005)	0.5347	1.001 (0.993, 1.009)	0.8398
Cr quartile
Q1 (1.39–197.28)	565 (24.469%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Q2 (197.29–275.64)	554 (23.993%)	0.984 (0.672, 1.441)	0.9348	1.304 (0.802, 2.123)	0.2846	0.955 (0.467, 1.951)	0.8992	0.737 (0.420, 1.295)	0.2891	1.150 (0.440, 3.002)	0.7756
Q3 (275.65–354.00)	579 (25.076%)	1.120 (0.775, 1.619)	0.5463	1.210 (0.742, 1.973)	0.4451	0.481 (0.204, 1.132)	0.0938	0.738 (0.423, 1.286)	0.2836	0.852 (0.307, 2.365)	0.7586
Q4 (354.01–785.00)	611 (26.462%)	1.569 (1.111, 2.216)	0.0105	1.876 (1.197, 2.941)	0.0061	0.982 (0.491, 1.963)	0.9590	1.051 (0.634, 1.741)	0.8473	1.395 (0.566, 3.438)	0.4696
Sex
Female	808 (31.899%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Male	1724 (68.062%)	0.966 (0.749, 1.245)	0.7873	0.717 (0.527, 0.976)	0.0344	0.736 (0.439, 1.236)	0.2467	1.117 (0.746, 1.673)	0.5913	1.519 (0.716, 3.224)	0.2763
Age	59.951±11.085	1.056 (1.043, 1.069)	<0.0001	1.095 (1.077, 1.114)	<0.0001	1.047 (1.021, 1.073)	0.0003	1.000 (0.984, 1.017)	0.9611	1.057 (1.024, 1.092)	0.0006
BMI	23.788±4.120	1.040 (1.001, 1.081)	0.0464	1.042 (0.990, 1.096)	0.1128	0.876 (0.788, 0.974)	0.0141	1.007 (0.947, 1.070)	0.8324	1.163 (1.052, 1.287)	0.0032
SBP, mmHg	103.262±28.767	0.999 (0.994, 1.003)	0.5569	0.996 (0.990, 1.001)	0.1121	1.005 (0.996, 1.014)	0.2741	1.006 (1.000, 1.013)	0.0563	1.009 (0.997, 1.020)	0.1333
DBP, mmHg	77.200±12.020	1.002 (0.992, 1.013)	0.6362	1.003 (0.990, 1.016)	0.6330	1.030 (1.009, 1.051)	0.0051	1.003 (0.988, 1.019)	0.6983	1.007 (0.979, 1.035)	0.6402
Glycemia	6.046±3.137	1.031 (0.998, 1.064)	0.0631	1.034 (0.999, 1.071)	0.0573	1.056 (1.014, 1.100)	0.0083	1.034 (0.994, 1.075)	0.0962	1.020 (0.947, 1.099)	0.5928
Bilirubin, μmol/L	9.882±7.468	1.007 (0.994, 1.021)	0.2686	1.011 (0.997, 1.025)	0.1378	1.014 (0.998, 1.030)	0.0944	1.006 (0.989, 1.025)	0.4801	1.002 (0.964, 1.042)	0.9131
Triglyceride, mmol/L	4.261±1.063	0.997 (0.885, 1.122)	0.9557	0.878 (0.750, 1.027)	0.1026	0.846 (0.641, 1.115)	0.2352	1.069 (0.894, 1.280)	0.4642	1.186 (0.894, 1.573)	0.2360
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	1.908±1.350	0.993 (0.903, 1.092)	0.8770	0.813 (0.688, 0.962)	0.0158	0.665 (0.467, 0.946)	0.0232	1.054 (0.933, 1.190)	0.4001	1.027 (0.822, 1.282)	0.8171
HDL-C, mmol/L	1.063±0.316	1.020 (0.686, 1.518)	0.9211	0.901 (0.541, 1.503)	0.6906	0.701 (0.276, 1.780)	0.4551	0.901 (0.476, 1.706)	0.7479	1.507 (0.589, 3.851)	0.3920
LDL-C, mmol/L	2.670±0.936	1.071 (0.938, 1.223)	0.3134	0.997 (0.840, 1.182)	0.9684	0.904 (0.661, 1.236)	0.5267	1.100 (0.896, 1.351)	0.3611	1.108 (0.790, 1.554)	0.5513

Urgent PCI	99 (3.908%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Delayed PCI	521 (20.568%)	0.632 (0.361, 1.108) 0.1092		0.603 (0.304, 1.195)	0.1473	0.200 (0.090, 0.447)	<0.0001	0.695 (0.309, 1.564)	0.3795	0.853 (0.181, 4.007)	0.8399
NSTE-ACS	1495 (59.021%)	0.558 (0.330, 0.943) 0.0293		0.565 (0.299, 1.065)	0.0774	0.113 (0.055, 0.235)	<0.0001	0.534 (0.249, 1.145)	0.1068	0.558 (0.127, 2.449)	0.4394
SA	418 (16.502%)	0.546 (0.305, 0.979) 0.0423		0.461 (0.223, 0.954) 0.0368		0.233 (0.103, 0.527)	0.0005	0.365 (0.147, 0.907)	0.0299	1.189 (0.256, 5.513)	0.8252

Atrial fibrillation
No	2233 (88.331%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	295 (11.669%)	2.087 (1.529, 2.848)	<0.0001	3.071 (2.159, 4.368)	<0.0001	3.794 (2.195, 6.556)	<0.0001	1.706 (1.047, 2.781)	0.0321	0.417 (0.100, 1.739)	0.2297
Cardiac shock
No	2483 (98.026%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	50 (1.974%)	2.315 (1.196, 4.481)	0.0127	2.877 (1.376, 6.016)	0.0050	2.622 (0.794, 8.667)	0.1139	1.314 (0.403, 4.286)	0.6504	1.349 (0.181, 10.032)	0.7699
OMI
No	2529 (99.842%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		–
Yes	4 (0.158%)	21.713 (2.251, 209.408)	0.0078	38.687 (4.004, 373.804)	0.0016	125.593 (12.873, 1225.301) <0.0001		20.802 (2.904, 148.988) 0.0025		–
COPD
No	2298 (90.722%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	235 (9.278%)	1.817 (1.281, 2.576)	0.0008	2.306 (1.541, 3.452)	<0.0001	1.920 (0.962, 3.829)	0.0642	0.901 (0.465, 1.747)	0.7582	0.836 (0.255, 2.740)	0.7675
Third degree AVB
No	2511 (99.131%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		–		Ref
Yes	22 (0.869%)	2.722 (1.057, 7.011)	0.0380	3.809 (1.389, 10.443)	0.0094	1.913 (0.253, 14.449)	0.5297	–		3.184 (0.417, 24.297)	0.2640
Stroke
No	2525 (99.684%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		–
Yes	8 (0.316%)	7.252 (1.804, 29.145)	0.0052	7.724 (1.831, 32.579)	0.0054	25.078 (5.856, 107.391)	<0.0001	6.922 (1.382, 34.671)	0.0186	–
PVD
No	2398 (94.670%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	135 (5.330%)	1.685 (1.073, 2.647)	0.0235	1.638 (0.937, 2.865)	0.0835	1.580 (0.623, 4.008)	0.3358	1.899 (0.995, 3.625)	0.0517	3.439 (1.413, 8.373)	0.0065
Post-PCI
No	2527 (99.763%)	Ref		Ref		–		–		–
Yes	6 (0.237%)	3.602 (0.657, 19.750)	0.1399	6.404 (1.165, 35.200)	0.0327	–		–		–
Post-CABG
No	2512 (99.171%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		–		–
Yes	21 (0.829%)	2.261 (0.823, 6.217)	0.1138	4.049 (1.466, 11.178)	0.0070	2.009 (0.265, 15.212)	0.4994	–		–
Hypertension
No	1286 (50.790%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	1246 (49.210%)	1.149 (0.906, 1.458)	0.2521	1.072 (0.794, 1.446)	0.6511	0.792 (0.476, 1.316)	0.3676	1.235 (0.853, 1.790)	0.2640	1.033 (0.544, 1.960)	0.9218
Diabetes mellitus
No	2010 (79.415%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	521 (20.585%)	1.584 (1.209, 2.075)	0.0008	2.072 (1.502, 2.859)	<0.0001	1.238 (0.687, 2.232)	0.4775	0.931 (0.584, 1.484)	0.7636	0.869 (0.381, 1.986)	0.7398
Smoking
No	1718 (67.825%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	815 (32.175%)	1.110 (0.863, 1.426)	0.4169	0.986 (0.715, 1.359)	0.9317	0.792 (0.450, 1.393)	0.4180	1.174 (0.798, 1.728)	0.4161	1.234 (0.635, 2.398)	0.5356

Aspirn
No	33 (1.304%)	Ref		Ref		–		Ref		–
Yes	2498 (98.696%)	1.012 (0.353, 2.899)	0.9821	0.786 (0.238, 2.600)	0.6930	–		1.572 (0.213, 11.608)	0.6572	–
Clopidogrel
No	100 (3.953%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	2426 (95.889%)	0.721 (0.417, 1.248)	0.2427	0.563 (0.302, 1.050)	0.0706	0.370 (0.156, 0.881)	0.0246	0.751 (0.322, 1.752)	0.5079	0.473 (0.143, 1.566)	0.2204
β-Blocker
No	813 (32.096%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	1720 (67.904%)	0.827 (0.645, 1.061)	0.1357	0.886 (0.646, 1.214)	0.4499	0.605 (0.363, 1.006)	0.0528	0.849 (0.577, 1.249)	0.4051	1.163 (0.574, 2.356)	0.6755
ACEI
No	1178 (46.524%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	1354 (53.476%)	1.417 (1.112, 1.807)	0.0049	1.469 (1.080, 1.999)	0.0144	0.811 (0.490, 1.344)	0.4168	0.928 (0.641, 1.343)	0.6913	1.686 (0.858, 3.310)	0.1293
CCB
No	1934 (76.352%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	599 (23.648%)	0.915 (0.688, 1.216)	0.5388	0.823 (0.569, 1.191)	0.3022	0.471 (0.223, 0.996)	0.0488	0.817 (0.517, 1.291)	0.3870	1.500 (0.752, 2.992)	0.2494
Statin
No	230 (9.080%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	2303 (90.920%)	0.963 (0.640, 1.450)	0.8574	1.142 (0.662, 1.973)	0.6329	0.578 (0.282, 1.188)	0.1362	1.392 (0.670, 2.891)	0.3752	0.526 (0.218, 1.272)	0.1538
OR – odds ratio; CI – confidence interval; Ref – reference; OMI – old myocardial infarction; PVD – peripheral vascular disease; ACEI – angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; CCB – calcium channel blockers.

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Long-Term Prognosis of Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The Impact of Serum Creatinine Levels on All-Cause Mortality

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