28 January 2024: Review Articles
A Review of IgA Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura) Past, Present, and Future
Dinah V. Parums CDEF*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.943912
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e943912
Background
The First Identified Systemic Vasculitis: IgA Vasculitis, or Henoch-Schönlein Purpura
Current Classification Criteria and Clinical Guidelines
Epidemiology of IgA Vasculitis
Risk Factors for IgA Vasculitis
Clinical Presentation in Children
Clinical Presentation in Adults
Diagnosis of IgA Vasculitis
Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of IgA Vasculitis
Future Studies and Unmet Clinical Needs
Conclusions
References
Table 2 Differential diagnoses of small vessel vasculitis [47,48].
| Symptom/sign | Differential diagnoses |
|---|---|
| Petechiae and purpuric skin rashes | Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)Drug reactionLeukemiaCoagulopathiesAnticoagulation therapy |
| Leukocytoclastic vasculitis | Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI) (also known as Finkelstein or Seidlmayer disease)Hypersensitivity vasculitisGranulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s)Microscopic polyangiitisEosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome)Vasculitis secondary to connective tissue disease, including systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE)Vasculitis secondary to infectious disease (hepatitis B and hepatitis C) |
| NB. Laboratory tests for autoantibodies, including antinuclear antibodies, anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA), and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), are usually negative in IgA vasculitis. | |