23 May 2024 : Review article
Biomarkers for Early Prediction and Management of Preeclampsia: A Comprehensive Review
Julia Tomkiewicz
1ABCDEF*, Dorota A. Darmochwał-Kolarz 2ABCDEFG
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.944104
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e944104
Table 2 Biomarkers used in preeclampsia prediction [14,31,50–64].
| Biomarker | A change from a healthy pregnancy |
|---|---|
| Soluble FMS-like tyrosinokinase-1 (sFlt-1) | Very elevated values in women with suspected preeclampsia (PE) |
| Placental growth factor (PlGF) | Decreased values in women with suspected PE |
| sFtl-1/PlGF ratio | A score higher than 85 may be a predictive marker for early onset of PE, and a score lower than 38 is highly likely to exclude PE |
| Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) | A decreased value indicates an increased risk of PE |
| Placental protein 13 (PP-13) | A value lower than the norm during certain periods of pregnancy most likely indicates PE |
| Disintegrin and metalloprotease 12 (ADAM-12) | Low diagnostic significance |
| β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) | A reduced value may indicate the probability of PE, but its detection rate is too low |
| Inhibin-A | A high level of Inhibin-A can indicate the likelihood of developing PE, but the sensitivity is too low |
| Soluble endoglin (sEng) | An increased value can indicate PE; the value strongly correlates with the severity of the disease |