03 June 2024 : Clinical Research
Undiagnosed and Untreated Peripheral Complications of Diabetes: Findings from a Pilot Study on Diabetes-Related Foot Diseases (DFD) in Patients with Glycemic Disorders
Justyna Cwajda-Białasik
1ABCDEFG*, Paulina Mościcka 1BF, Maria T. Szewczyk 1DF
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.944239
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e944239
Table 3 Values of assessed indicators of peripheral arterial disease and loss of protective sensation.
| Variable | X±SD (Me) | Min–Max | SK | K | S-W test | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manual ABI | 1.00±0.23 (1.01) | 0.25–1.45 | −1.29 | 2.28 | 0.90 | <0.001 |
| Below normal/normal/above normal* | R: n=19 (22.3%)/n=65 (76.5%)/n=1 (1.2%)L: n=20 (23.5%)/n=64 (75.3%)/n=1 (1.2%) | |||||
| ≤0.50/0.90–0.51/0.99–0.91/1.4–1.0/≥1.4 | R: n=4 (4.7%)/n=15 (17.6%)/n=8 (9.5%)/n=57 (67.0%)/n=1 (1.2%)L: n=7 (8.2%)/n=13 (15.3%)/n=8 (9.5%)/n=56 (65.9%)/n=1 (1.2%) | |||||
| Automatic ABI | 0.99±0.25 (1.07) | 0.26–1.34 | −2.27 | 5.58 | 0.74 | <0.001 |
| Below normal/normal/above normal* | R: n=16 (18.8%)/n=69 (81.2%)/n=0 (0.0%)L: n=16 (18.8%)/n=69 (81.2%)/n=0 (0.0%) | |||||
| ≤0.50/0.90–0.51/0.99–0.91/1.4–1.0/≥1.4 | R: n=6 (7.1%)/n=10 (11.7%)/n=9 (10.6%)/n=60 (70.6%)/n=0 (0.0%)L: n=6 (7.1%)/n=10 (11.7%)/n=7 (8.20%)/n=62 (73.0%)/n=0 (0.0%) | |||||
| Manual TBI | 0.97±0.32 (0.95) | 0.21–1.86 | −0.40 | 1.81 | 0.95 | <0.001 |
| Below normal/normal i.e. ≥7.5* | R: n=11 (12.9%)/n=74 (87.1%)L: n=14 (16.5%)/n=71 (83.5%) | |||||
| TcP02 | 73.54±13.60 (76.00) | 28.00–96.00 | −1.16 | 1.16 | 0.90 | <0.001 |
| Below normal/normal i.e. ≥60 mmHg | R: n=13 (15.4%)/n=72 (84.6%)L: n=12 (14.1%)/n=73 (85.9%) | |||||
| LOPS | R: 8 (9.5%)/9 (10.6%) | L: 6 (7.1%)/9 (10.6%) | <0.001 | |||
| SWME/TFE | ||||||
| ABI – ankle-brachial index; K – kurtosis; LOPS – loss of protective sensation; Me – median; Min–Max – minimum and maximum distribution value; p – value of significance; SD – standard deviation; SK – skewness; S-W – value of the Shapiro-Wilk test; SWME – Semmes-Weinstein monofilament examination; TBI – toe-brachial index; TFE – Thermo Feel examination; X – mean. * Data presented as numbers and percentages. | ||||||