10 July 2024 : Clinical Research
Assessing the Consequences of Smoking Tobacco Products with Consideration of the Forced Oscillation Technique
Aleksandra Grudzińska
1ABCDEF, Paulina Okrzymowska 1ABCDEF*, Agata Tomaszczyk 1EF, Dariusz Kalka 1DEF, Krystyna Rożek-Piechura 1ABCDEF
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.944406
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e944406
Table 2 Characteristics of spirometric parameters and respiratory muscle strength in the study groups. Unidimensional results for each ZZ parameterization with sigma-limits effective hypothesis decomposition.
| Parameters | Control groupn=20 | Cigarette smokersn=20 | Nicotine alternative usersn=20 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VC (L) | 4.40±1.03 | 4.40±0.74 | 4.55±1.06 | 0.24 |
| VC (%) | 100.35±10.82 | 97.98±9.77 | 101.19±14.60 | 0.23 |
| FVC (L) | 4.52±1.04 | 4.52±0.73 | 4.59±1.03 | 0.52 |
| FVC (%) | 105.37±12.00 | 103.15±10.27 | 104.55±13.09 | 0.52 |
| FEV1 (L) | 4.15±0.75 | 4.10±0.71 | 4.09±0.85 | 0.60 |
| FEV1 (%) | 112.50±12.12 | 108.15±10.68 | 107.84±11.36 | 0.40 |
| FEV1%VC | 92.09±6.40 | 90.10±3.79 | 88.61±4.76 | 0.05* |
| PEF (L) | 8.17±1.81 | 7.71±1.61 | 7.67±1.73 | 0.11 |
| PEF (%) | 101.15±14.23 | 93.16±15.51 | 92.73±12.27 | 0.07 |
| MEF 50 (L) | 5.50±1.13 | 5.26±1.07 | 5.09±1.05 | 0.49 |
| MEF 50 (%) | 111.83±19.97 | 104.63±17.35 | 101.76±16.43 | 0.35 |
| MEF 25 (L) | 2.94±0.71 | 2.93±0.95 | 2.57±0.65 | 0.46 |
| MEF 25 (%) | 124.35±30.98 | 121.04±36.27 | 106.44±20.07 | 0.05* |
| MIF 50 (L) | 5.97±1.86 | 5.88±1.43 | 6.46±1.67 | 0.30 |
| PImax (kPa) | 7.76±1.93 | 7.88±2.07 | 8.82±2.61 | 0.21 |
| PImax (%) | 120.97±32.33 | 115.97±22.11 | 134.83±41.26 | 0.36 |
| PEmax (kPa) | 8.38±2.27 | 8.25±2.26 | 9.66±3.08 | 0.24 |
| * Statistically significant inter-testing session or intergroup difference at the ≤0.05 level. VC – vital capacity; FVC – forced vital capacity; FEV1 – forced expiratory volume in one second; FEV1%VC – forced expiratory volume in one second% of vital capacity, Tiffeneau; PEF – peak expiratory flow; MEF50 – maximum expiratory flow in 50% of forced vital capacity; MEF25 – maximum expiratory flow in 25% of forced vital capacity; MIF50 – maximum inspiratory flow in 50% of forced vital capacity; PImax – maximum inspiratory pressure; PEmax – maximum expiratory pressure. | ||||