Comparative Evaluation of Digital Cephalometric Tracing Applications on Mobile Devices and Manual Tracing

Mosab Mohammed Hassan; Wafa Hadi Alfaifi; Abdullah Mohammed Qaysi; Asma Ali Alfaifi; Zainab Murtadha AlGhafli; Khurshid Ahmed Mattoo; Shahad Mohammed Daghriri; Lamis Mohammed Hawthan; Reham Mousa Daghriri; Alkhansa Ahmed Moafa; Mohammed M. Al Moaleem

doi:10.12659/MSM.944628

23 June 2024 : Clinical Research

Comparative Evaluation of Digital Cephalometric Tracing Applications on Mobile Devices and Manual Tracing

Mosab Mohammed Hassan^1ABDEF*, Wafa Hadi Alfaifi^2BEG, Abdullah Mohammed Qaysi^2BEG, Asma Ali Alfaifi^3BDG, Zainab Murtadha AlGhafli^4CEG, Khurshid Ahmed Mattoo

^5CDEF, Shahad Mohammed Daghriri^3CFG, Lamis Mohammed Hawthan^3CDG, Reham Mousa Daghriri^3BFG, Alkhansa Ahmed Moafa^3BDG, Mohammed M. Al Moaleem

^5CE

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.944628

Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e944628

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Table 4 One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test results for differences between and within groups in various parameters of steiner analysis.

Parameters		Sum of squares	df	Mean square	F statistic	P value
SNA	Between groups	0.27	2	.14	.02	0.98 (NS)
	Within groups	749.44	87	8.61
	Total	749.71	89
SNB	Between groups	.05	2	.02	.00	0.99 (NS)
	Within groups	1606.63	87	18.47
	Total	1606.67	89
ANB	Between groups	.32	2	.16	.03	0.97 (NS)
	Within groups	503.04	87	5.78
	Total	503.37	89
SNMP	Between groups	.03	2	.01	.00	0.99 (NS)
	Within groups	1793.88	87	20.62
	Total	1793.90	89
SNOP	Between groups	.06	2	.03	.00	0.99 (NS)
	Within groups	2075.14	87	23.85
	Total	2075.19	89
U1NA (mm)	Between groups	.62	2	.31	.01	0.99 (NS)
	Within groups	5964.82	87	68.56
	Total	5965.44	89
U1NAMM	Between groups	.54	2	.27	.04	0.96 (NS)
	Within groups	539.56	87	6.20
	Total	540.10	89
L1NB (mm)	Between groups	3.65	2	1.83	.04	0.96 (NS)
	Within groups	3927.27	87	45.14
	Total	3930.92	89
L1NBMM	Between groups	.18	2	.09	.02	0.98 (NS)
	Within groups	394.08	87	4.53
	Total	394.26	89
U1L1	Between groups	13.46	2	6.73	.04	0.96 (NS)
	Within groups	13591.64	87	156.23
	Total	13605.09	89
SLINE	Between groups	.08	2	.04	.01	0.99 (NS)
	Within groups	664.22	87	7.64
	Total	664.29	89
Abbreviations: mm – millimeters; df – degree of freedom; p – probability; SNA (Sella – nasion – subspinale), SNB (sella – nasion – supramentale), ANB (subspinale – nasion – supramentale), SNMP (sella – nasion with midpoint – porion), SNOP (sella nasion – orbitale porion); Dental – U1NA (upper incisor – nasion – subspinale), L1NB (lower incisor – nasion – supramentale), U1L1 (upper incisor – lower incisor); Soft tissue – S line. Statistical significance: if the probability ‘p’ value is equal to or less than 0.05 (p≤0.05); NS – not significant.

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Comparative Evaluation of Digital Cephalometric Tracing Applications on Mobile Devices and Manual Tracing

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