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17 September 2024 : Clinical Research  

Influenza Hemagglutinin Antibody Levels in the Elderly: Impact of Sex, Age, and Influenza/COVID-19 Vaccination Status During the 2021/2022 Epidemic Season in Warsaw, Poland

Magdalena Proniewska-Sadowska ORCID logo1ABCDEF*, Anna Poznańska ORCID logo2C, Lidia Bernadeta Brydak ORCID logo3ABDEFG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.945002

Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e945002

Table 6 Comparison of protective levels in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients against COVID-19 according to influenza A virus subtype and influenza B virus lineage.

Virus typeNumber of vaccinatedProtective level of vaccinationNumber of unvaccinatedProtective level of unvaccinatedSignificance* (p-value)
A/Victoria/2570/2019 (H1N1)pdm0922928.8%2714.8%NS (p=0.061)**
A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020(H3N2)22987.8%2785.2%NS
B/Washington/B/Victoria lineage22964.2%2744.4%p=0.023
B/Phuket/3073/2013 (B/Yamagata lineage)22978.6%2755.6%p=0.004
* chi-square test or exact Fisher test (for A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020(H3N2);
** result bordering on statistical significance.
NS – not significant.

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750