Optimizing Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine: Influence of Diabetes, Obesity, Autoimmune, and Inflammatory Conditions on Therapeutic Efficacy: A Review

18 August 2024 : Review article

Dominika Przywara^1ABCDEF, Alicja Petniak

^1BCDEF, Paulina Gil-Kulik

^1ABCDEFG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.945331

Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e945331

Table 1 Comparison of the effects of different types of diabetes on the properties of MSCs.

Disease	Effects on MSCs	Predicted effect
Diabetic kidney disease	Stronger secretion of IDO and PGE2Weaker IL6 secretion []³⁰	Enhancing anti-inflammatory properties
	Reduced ability to migrate []³⁰	Increased risk of cells not reaching the site of injury
	Increased proliferation []³⁰	Increased effectiveness of therapy due to the possibility of using a larger number of cells
Gestational diabetes	Decreased proliferation []³⁷	Reduced effectiveness of therapy due to the possibility of using fewer cells
Gestational diabetes	Increased p16 and p27 transcripts []³⁷	Faster cell aging
Type 2 diabetes	Higher levels of pro-apoptotic markers []³²	Shorter cell survival time
	Increased frequency of differentiation into adipocytes []³⁴	Limited differentiation capacity
	Higher expression []³²	Stimulation of the growth and development of adjacent tissues
	Increase in the number of M2 macrophages with a decrease in the number of M1 macrophages []³⁶	Increased anti-inflammatory properties
Type 1 diabetes	Lower expression [,]³¹	Weakening of pro-angiogenic properties, lower effectiveness of regeneration of adjacent tissues
	Lower expression of and []³⁵	Faster aging of MSCs, lower efficiency of regeneration of adjacent tissues
	Lowering KLF2 []³³	Weakening of pro-angiogenic properties