18 August 2024 : Review article
Optimizing Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine: Influence of Diabetes, Obesity, Autoimmune, and Inflammatory Conditions on Therapeutic Efficacy: A Review
Dominika Przywara1ABCDEF, Alicja Petniak
1BCDEF, Paulina Gil-Kulik 1ABCDEFG*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.945331
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e945331
Introduction
Characterization of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)
Methods of Harvesting MSCs
Banking of MSCs
Paracrine Signaling via Cytokines, Growth Factors, and Small Molecules
MSCs and Diabetes
MSCs and Obesity
MSCs and Autoimmune Diseases
MSCs and Inflammatory Diseases
Other Factors and Medical Conditions
Paracrine Properties of MSCs Depending on Their Source
Future Directions – Regenerative Medicine
Conclusions
References
Table 4 Effect of the inflammatory process on the expression of various growth and inflammatory factors in MSCs.
| Factor | Type of change | Anticipated action |
|---|---|---|
| NGF | []↑ | Supporting the regeneration of nervous tissue |
| GDNF | []↑ | Supporting the regeneration of nervous tissue |
| VEGF | []↑ | Pro-angiogenic |
| COX1 | ↓ []64 | Anti-inflammatory |
| COX2 | []↑ | Inflammatory |
| PGE2 | []↑ | Immunomodulatory |
| , HGF | [,]↑ | Inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, supporting organ regeneration |
| β | ↓ []64 | Inflammatory |
| [,]↑ | Inflammatory | |
| α | [,]↑ | Inflammatory |
| []↑ | Inflammatory | |
| IDO | []↑ | Anti-inflammatory |
| , | []↑ | Immunogenic |
| , , , i | []↑ | Inflammatory |
| ↑ – increase; ↓ – decrease. | ||