18 October 2024 : Clinical Research
Serum Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio Predicts One-Year Mortality in Elderly Patients with Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Prospective Cohort Analysis
Jun-jie Long1ABCDEF, Zhi-gao Wen1ABCDEF, Xiao-jiao Zhang2ABCEFG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.945516
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e945516
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population by tertiles of the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) index.
| Variables | Tertile 1 (n=118) | Tertile 2 (n=118) | Tertile 3 (n=118) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 84.0 (82.0, 87.0) | 84.0 (82.0, 86.0) | 83.0 (81.0, 85.0) | 0.002 |
| Sex (Male), n (%) | 82 (69.5) | 79 (66.9) | 74 (62.7) | 0.538 |
| Current smoker, (%) | 34 (28.8) | 29 (24.6) | 28 (23.7) | 0.632 |
| Diabetes mellitus, (%) | 42 (35.6) | 47 (39.8) | 45 (38.1) | 0.796 |
| Hypertension, (%) | 71 (60.2) | 70 (59.3) | 72 (61.0) | 0.965 |
| Heart failure, (%) | 8 (6.8) | 11 (9.3) | 7 (5.9) | 0.583 |
| Previous stroke, (%) | 13 (11.0) | 10 (8.5) | 9 (7.6) | 0.640 |
| Previous MI, (%) | 12 (10.2) | 10 (8.5) | 10 (8.5) | 0.872 |
| Previous PCI, (%) | 19 (16.1) | 15 (12.7) | 17 (14.4) | 0.760 |
| Clinical presentation | ||||
| UA, (%) | 10 (8.5) | 12 (10.2) | 8 (6.8) | 0.646 |
| NSTEMI, (%) | 108 (91.5) | 106 (89.8) | 110 (93.2) | |
| Target lesions and lesion characteristics | ||||
| LM, (%) | 3 (2.5) | 5 (4.2) | 2 (1.7) | 0.679 |
| LAD, (%) | 55 (46.6) | 45 (38.1) | 48 (40.7) | |
| LCX, (%) | 22 (18.6) | 24 (20.3) | 20 (16.9) | |
| RCA, (%) | 38 (32.2) | 44 (37.3) | 48 (40.7) | |
| 1-Vessel disease, (%) | 12 (10.2) | 10 (8.5) | 8 (6.8) | 0.795 |
| 2-Vessel disease, (%) | 26 (22.0) | 21 (17.8) | 24 (20.3) | |
| 3-Vessel disease, (%) | 80 (67.8) | 87 (73.7) | 86 (72.9) | |
| Osteo lesions, (%) | 28 (23.7) | 21 (17.8) | 25 (21.2) | 0.531 |
| Bifurcation lesions, (%) | 27 (22.9) | 20 (16.9) | 24 (20.3) | 0.521 |
| CTO lesions, (%) | 3 (2.5) | 4 (3.4) | 2 (1.7) | 0.706 |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| FBG, mmol/L | 6.2 (4.9, 8.1) | 6.3 (5.5, 8.5) | 6.1 (5.3, 8.7) | 0.435 |
| Albumin, g/L | 35.0 (33.0, 38.1) | 38.0 (35.0, 40.5) | 38.8 (35.6, 41.3) | <0.001 |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.2 (4.5, 5.9) | 5.2 (4.2, 5.9) | 5.3 (4.0, 6.2) | 0.997 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.1 (0.6, 1.5) | 1.2 (0.7, 1.5) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.8) | 0.222 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 0.8 (0.7, 1.1) | 0.8 (0.8, 1.1) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.2) | 0.685 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.0 (2.4, 3.5) | 2.7 (2.3, 3.5) | 2.8 (2.1, 3.5) | 0.435 |
| Uric acid, μmol/L | 335.6 (290.3, 393.3) | 327.5 (281.5, 380.9) | 291.0 (240.0, 350.0) | 0.001 |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 1358.3 (625.5, 1903.5) | 1262.5 (618.2, 2015.1) | 1281.7 (812.1, 2207.6) | 0.624 |
| Cr, μmol/L | 95.5 (88.0, 115.0) | 77.0 (70.0, 84.3) | 57.0 (52.0, 63.2) | <0.001 |
| ACR | 32.4 (28.2, 36.2) | 43.7 (41.3, 47.1) | 59.0 (53.8, 64.7) | <0.001 |
| LVEF,% | 53.0 (47.0, 57.0) | 53.0 (47.0, 57.3) | 51.5 (45.0, 57.0) | 0.358 |
| Medication | ||||
| Aspirin, (%) | 102 (86.4) | 96 (81.4) | 105 (89.0) | 0.236 |
| Ibuprofen, (%) | 16 (13.6) | 26 (18.6) | 13 (11.0) | |
| Clopidogrel, (%) | 118 (100.0) | 118 (100.0) | 118 (100.0) | 1 |
| ACEI/ARB/ARNI, (%) | 48 (40.7) | 40 (33.9) | 39 (33.1) | 0.408 |
| Beta blocker, (%) | 49 (41.5) | 54 (45.8) | 55 (46.6) | 0.702 |
| Calcium channel blocker, (%) | 33 (28.0) | 38 (32.2) | 34 (28.8) | 0.753 |
| Statin, (%) | 118 (100.0) | 117 (99.2) | 116 (98.3) | 0.365 |
| Ezetimibe, (%) | 45 (38.1) | 39 (33.1) | 42 (35.6) | 0.717 |
| MI – myocardial infarction; PCI – percutaneous coronary intervention; UA – unstable angina; NSTEMI – non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; LM – left main; LAD – left anterior descending artery; LCX – left circumflex artery; RCA – right coronary artery; CTO – chronic total occlusion; FBG – fasting blood glucose; TC – total cholesterol; TG – triglycerides; LDL-C – low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C – high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Cr – creatinine; ACR – albumin-to-creatinine ratio; LVEF – left ventricular ejection fraction; ACEI – angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB – angiotensin II receptor blocker; ARNI – angiotensin receptor enkephalinase inhibitor. | ||||