30 September 2024 : Clinical Research
Comparative Impact of Core Stabilization vs Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Exercises on Muscle Activation, Endurance, and Balance in Obese Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Selma Uzuner Kızılkaya1ABDEFG*, Emine Handan Tüzün1ADEFDOI: 10.12659/MSM.945669
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e945669
Table 4 Intra-group and inter-group comparisons of McGill core endurance test.
| McGill core endurance test | Evaluation times | CSE group x±SS% 95 CI (LL-UL) | PNF group x±SS% 95 CI (LL-UL) | Control group x±SS% 95 CI (LL-UL) | P* | Groups | P*** | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BT | AT | F | |||||||
| Flexor Endurance (sec.) | BT | 27.52±13.58 (21.92–33.13) | 24.09±11.22 (19.25–28.95) | 23.46±11.68 (18.53–28.39) | 0.461 | CSE-PNF | – | 0.895 | |
| AT | 42.32±13.03 (36.49–47.70) | 33.60±12.21 (28.32–38.87) | 22.46±10.80 (17.90–27.02) | CSE-C | – | ||||
| F | 33.56±14.19 (27.71–39.42) | 29.89±11.66 (24.85–34.94) | 22.20±10.01 (17.98–26.43) | PNF-C | – | 0.099 | |||
| p** | |||||||||
| Extensor endurance (sec.) | BT | 63.00±25.87 (52.32–73.68) | 59.98±30.71 (46.69–73.29) | 45.23±28.12 (33.36–57.11) | 0.072 | CSE-PNF | – | >0.99 | >0.99 |
| AT | 76.82±21.42 (67.98–85.66) | 71.60±32.82 (57.41–85.79) | 43.25±26.52 (32.05–54.45) | CSE-C | – | ||||
| F | 67.26±21.55 (58.37–76.16) | 66.17±30.79 (52.86–79.49) | 43.15±25.83 (32.25–54.06) | PNF-C | – | ||||
| P** | |||||||||
| Dominant side lateral bridge (sec.) | BT | 25.15±12.09 (20.16–30.14) | 24.38±12.48 (18.98–29.77) | 19.41±14.09 (13.47–25.36) | 0.253 | CSE-PNF | – | >0.99 | >0.99 |
| AT | 32.44±11.88 (27.54–37.35) | 29.57±12.23 (24.28–34.86) | 17.63±12.20 (12.47–22.78) | CSE-C | – | ||||
| F | 26.88±11.52 (22.13–31.64) | 26.39±12.12 (21.16–31.64) | 17.18±11.93 (12.14–22.22) | PNF-C | – | ||||
| P** | |||||||||
| Non-Dominant side lateral bridge (sec.) | BT | 23.92±13.09 (18.52–29.32) | 23.04±13.38 (17.25–28.82) | 15.27±13.65 (9.52–21.04) | 0.054 | CSE-PNF | – | >0.99 | >0.99 |
| AT | 31.44±12.92 (26.11–36.77) | 28.19±13.55 (22.33–34.05) | 14.35±12.24 (9.18–19.52) | CSE-C | – | ||||
| F | 26.39±12.77 (21.12–31.67) | 25.07±12.49 (19.67–30.47) | 14.69±13.15 (9.14–20.24) | PNF-C | – | ||||
| P** | |||||||||
| CSE – core stabilization exercise; PNF – proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation; C – control; BT – before treatment; AT – after treatment; F – follow-up; sec – second; CI – confidence interval; LL-UL – lower limit-upper limit; p* – one-way analysis of variance; p** – variance analysis in repeated measures; p*** – Bonferroni test. | |||||||||