Sex and Population Variations in Nasopalatine Canal Dimensions: A CBCT-Based Systematic Review

Ashraf Mohammed Alhumaidi; Abdulmajeed Okshah; Mohammed M. Al Moaleem; Manal Ali Ahmed Alsabi; Intisar Hamad A. Muharraq; Ahmad Yahya Asiri; Yahya Abdu Mohammed Wasli; Haider Hussain S. Alhijji; Mohammed Ahmed Namazi; Amjad Ismail Ibrahim Alfaqih; Haitham Yahya Abushamlah

doi:10.12659/MSM.945949

16 October 2024 : Review article

Sex and Population Variations in Nasopalatine Canal Dimensions: A CBCT-Based Systematic Review

Ashraf Mohammed Alhumaidi

^1ABCDEG*, Abdulmajeed Okshah^2DFG, Mohammed M. Al Moaleem

^3EF, Manal Ali Ahmed Alsabi^4BCG, Intisar Hamad A. Muharraq^5BCG, Ahmad Yahya Asiri^6CDG, Yahya Abdu Mohammed Wasli^7BDG, Haider Hussain S. Alhijji^7BDG, Mohammed Ahmed Namazi^7BDG, Amjad Ismail Ibrahim Alfaqih^7BDG, Haitham Yahya Abushamlah^8DEG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.945949

Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e945949

Authors information Article notes Copyright and License information

Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion Conclusions References

Related articles Order reprints Share article Share by email

View HTML version

Table 1 Studies included in this review.

Author (S), year/country	Age (years)	CBCT #	Dental status	IF		FS		Mid-NPC		NPC length		M-L IF		M-L FS		BBP
Author (S), year/country	Age (years)	CBCT #	Dental status	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female
Alhumaidi et al, 2024/Yemen []²⁶	18↔68	335	2 central incisors present1 central incisor missing2 central incisors missing	5.25± 1.46	5.04± 1.43	2.76± 1.36	2.44± 1.15	1.87± 0.93	1.75± 0.86	12.58±2.45	11.21±2.39	3.45±0.91	3.04±0.96	NM	NM
																6.16±1.45	5.92±1.09

																6.32±1.37	5.83±1.14

																7.19±1.54	6.65±1.41
Khan et al, 2023/Pakistan []³⁰	18↔60	90	Precent of central and lateral incisors	6.08± 1.57	6.09± 2.03	3.06± 1.17	2.91± 1.17	2.82± 0.89	2.34± 1.01	11.89±1.89	10.70±1.80	NM	NM	NM	NM
																7.42±1.90	6.85±1.50

																6.54±1.37	5.71±1.13

																7.53±2.02	6.87±1.25
Alasmari 2023/Saudi Arabia []³¹	18↔60	401	Precent of central and lateral incisors	4.33± 1.79	3.80± 2.32	3.62± 1.78	3.17± 1.06	NM	NM	14.00±2.63	13.71±2.73	NM	NM	NM	NM	NM	NM
Gonçalves et al, 2020/Brazil []³²	40↔90	276	Presence of anterior teethAbsence of anterior teeth	3.61± 1.1	3.35± 1.11	2.31± 1.07	2.39± 1.09	1.98± 0.81	2.1± 1.03	10.08±2.44	8.84±2.31	NM	NM	2.43±1.19	2.42±1.26	NM	NM
Kim et al, 2020/Korea []³³	≥20	167	2 central incisors present1 central incisor missing2 central incisors missing	3.37± 1.08	3.15± 1.10	NM	NM	NM	NM	NM	NM	4.93±1.36	4.58±1.08	NM	NM	7.78±2.15
Talebian et al, 2018/Iran []³⁴	≥30	48	Absence of anterior teeth	6.48± 2.62	7.22± 2.46	3.38± 1.12	3.96± 1.81	NM	NM	13.06±2.16	12.15±2.24	NM	NM	NM	NM
																3.84±1.76	3.88±2.22

																5.12±1.86	4.45±1.77

																6.45±1.79	5.99±1.20
Nikkerdar et al, 2018/Iran []³⁵	Mean 43.6± 13.1	300	Presence of anterior teetAbsence of anterior teeth	3.27± 1.06	2.78± 0.93	2.90± 1.01	2.56± 0.98	NM	NM	11.12±2.35	9.52±1.98	NM	NM	NM	NM	NM	NM
Hakbilen and Magat, 2018/Turkey []²⁴	18↔86	619	2 central incisors present1 central incisor missing2 central incisors missingtotal edentulous	6.21	6.01	3.54	3.47	NM	NM	14.74	12.83	NM	NM	NM	NM
																6.29	5.77

																6.79	6.16

																7.90	7.29
Safi et al, 2017/Iran []³⁶	18↔80	326	2 central incisors present1 central incisor missing2 central incisors missingtotal edentulous	7.52± 2.08	7.49± 1.85	3.55± 1.29	3.15± 1.02	NM	NM	13.70±2.52	12.25±2.54	4.41±1.00	3.92±0.90	4.75±1.59	4.36±1.37	NM	NM
Jain et al, 2017/India []³⁷	≥18	81	1 central incisor missing2 central incisors missing	4.53	3.98	3.63	3.19	NM	NM	11.87	10.53	NM	NM	NM	NM
Jain et al, 2017/India []³⁷	≥18	81	1 central incisor missing2 central incisors missing	4.53	3.98	3.63	3.19	NM	NM	11.87	10.53	NM	NM	NM	NM	6.38	5.21
Friedric et al, 2015/Germany []¹²	20↔98	200	Precent of central incisorsAbsent of central incisors	4.96± 1.90	3.96± 1.29	3.57± 1.56	3.27± 1.49	2.67± 1.39	2.28± 1.24	12.02±3.01	10.18±2.37	NM	NM	4.76	4.42
																7.10±1.58	6.36±1.54

																7.05±1.46	6.37±1.48

																7.69±1.64	7.24±1.56
Etoz and Sisman, 2014/Turky []²³	18↔77	490	2 central incisors present1 central incisor missing2 central incisors missingtotal edentulous	5.26± 1.51	4.85± 1.41	3.25± 5	2.93± 1.19	NM	NM	13.50±3.01	11.64±2.43	NM	NM	NM	NM	NM	NM
Fernández Alonso et al, 2014/Spain []³⁸	≥18	224	2 central incisors present1 central incisor missing2 central incisors missing	NM	NM	NM	NM	NM	NM	13.16±2.72	11.58±2.64	NM	NM	NM	NM
Fernández Alonso et al, 2014/Spain []³⁸	≥18	224		NM	NM	NM	NM	NM	NM	13.16±2.72	11.58±2.64	NM	NM	NM	NM	7.28±1.28	6.41±1.14
Acar and Kamburoğlu, 2014/Turkey []³⁹	19↔78	252	2 central incisors present1 central incisor missing2 central incisors missing	4.14	3.72	3.12	3.03	NM	NM	10.20	9.04	NM	NM	NM	NM
																6.74	6.24

																6.57	6.04

																7.21	6.53
↔ – between; # – number; ≥ – equal or more than; NPC – nasopalatine canal; IF – incisive foramen diameter (anterior–posterior diameter) at sagittal; FS – foramina of stenson diameter (anterior–posterior diameter) at sagittal; Mid-NPC – diameter in middle of NPC (at sagittal); M-L IF – mediolateral diameter of the incisive foramen (at axial); M-L FS – mediolateral diameter of foramina of stenson (at axial); NPC length – nasopalatine canal length (at sagittal); BBP – buccal bone plate (at sagittal).

Back to the Article

Sex and Population Variations in Nasopalatine Canal Dimensions: A CBCT-Based Systematic Review

Your Privacy