17 December 2024 : Clinical Research
Evaluation of Perceived Stress and Its Association with Dental Caries in 290 Undergraduate Medical Students
Saeed Awod Bin Hassan
ACDEF 1, Lakshya Kumar ABDEF 2*, Aditi Verma ABEF 2, Prakhar Mittal ABEF 3, Akanksha Yadav ABEF 4, Ahmed Abdullah Al Malwi CDEF 1, Abdulelah Sameer Sindi CDEF 1, Syed M. Yassin CDEG 5, Shabina Shafi CDEG 6, Mohamed S.M. Morsy CDEG 7, Khurshid Mattoo ACDEG 7
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.946528
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e946528
Table 2 Frequency distribution of study participants based on the item and scoring criteria of perceived stress scale (PSS).
| Questions | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | PSS score distribution | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| In the former month, how often have you | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | Low | Moderate | High |
| Been upset because of something that happened unexpectedly? | 20 (6.9) | 23 (7.9) | 145 (50.0) | 55 (18.98) | 47 (16.22) | 25 (8.6) | 214 (73.8) | 51 (17.6) |
| Felt that you were unable to control the important things in your life | 29 (10) | 39 (13.45) | 116 (40.0) | 67 (23.1) | 39 (13.45) | |||
| Felt nervous and stressed? | 17 (5.87) | 37 (12.75) | 116 (40.0) | 80 (27.59) | 40 (13.79) | |||
| Felt confident about your ability to handle your personal problems? | 11 (3.8) | 38 (13.10) | 119 (41.03) | 87 (30.0) | 35 (12.07) | |||
| Felt that things were going your way? | 21 (7.24) | 55 (18.98) | 134 (46.2) | 67 (23.1) | 13 (4.48) | |||
| Found that you couldn’t cope with all the things that you had to do? | 19 (6.54) | 54 (18.61) | 142 (48.97) | 47 (16.22) | 28 (9.66) | |||
| Been able to control irritations in your life? | 16 (5.51) | 51 (17.59) | 112 (38.62) | 86 (29.65) | 25 (8.63) | |||
| Felt that you were on top of things? | 27 (9.32) | 67 (23.1) | 136 (46.89) | 45 (15.52) | 15 (5.17) | |||
| Been angered because of things that happened that were outside of your control? | 11 (3.8) | 44 (15.17) | 129 (44.49) | 65 (22.41) | 41 (14.13) | |||
| You felt difficulties were piling up so high that you could not overcome them? | 18 (6.20) | 54 (18.62) | 130 (44.84) | 54 (18.61) | 34 (11.72) | |||
| PSS – perceived stress scale. PSS scoring: 0=never, 1=almost never, 2=sometimes, 3=fairly often, 4=very often. Questions 4, 5, 7, and 8=scores are reversed as 0=4; 1=3; 2=2; 3=1; PSS Scoring Interpretation Criteria: 0 to 13=low stress; 14 to 26=moderate stress; 27 to 40=high stress. | ||||||||