28 December 2024 : Database Analysis
Liver Cirrhosis as a Predictor of Infection Risk in Patients Undergoing Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD)
Yu-Chung Juan ADEF 1,2, Hung-Lin Lin ADF 1, Yu-hsiang Lin
ADF 1, Wen-Miin Liang ACDG 3, Yu-Kai Cheng DF 1,4, Yu-Jun Chang DE 5, Chien-Tung Yang DF 1, Der-Yang Cho DF 1, Chun-Chung Chen ADEF 1,2,6*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.946745
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e946745
Table 1 Baseline characteristics between liver cirrhosis cohort and non-liver cirrhosis cohort.
| Total | Non-liver cirrhosis (N=37995) | Liver cirrhosis (N=1766) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 64.03±15.59 | 63.92±15.69 | 66.47±12.97 | <0.001 |
| Gender | 0.092 | |||
| Female | 16709 (42.02) | 16001 (42.11) | 708 (40.09) | |
| Male | 23052 (57.98) | 21994 (57.89) | 1058 (59.91) | |
| Steroid use | 1976 (4.97) | 1879 (4.95) | 97 (5.49) | 0.301 |
| EVD | 7793 (19.60) | 7436 (19.57) | 357 (20.22) | 0.505 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes | 12722 (32) | 11906 (31.34) | 816 (46.21) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 22929 (57.67) | 21735 (57.20) | 1194 (67.61) | <0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 3057 (7.69) | 2863 (7.54) | 194 (10.99) | <0.001 |
| ESRD | 3394 (8.54) | 3152 (8.30) | 242 (13.70) | <0.001 |
| Malnutrition | 160 (0.40) | 147 (0.39) | 13 (0.74) | 0.023 |
| Pneumonia | 9765 (24.56) | 9234 (24.30) | 531 (30.07) | <0.001 |
| UTI | 12050 (30.31) | 11371 (29.93) | 679 (38.45) | <0.001 |
| Surgery history | ||||
| Cerebral hemorrhage | 2685 (6.75) | 2536 (6.67) | 149 (8.44) | 0.004 |
| Aneurysm | 701 (1.76) | 674 (1.77) | 27 (1.53) | 0.444 |
| Brain tumor | 1250 (3.14) | 1202 (3.16) | 48 (2.72) | 0.294 |
| Decompressive craniectomy | 1479 (3.72) | 1408 (3.71) | 71 (4.02) | 0.495 |
| Cranioplasty | 1131 (2.84) | 1069 (2.81) | 62 (3.51) | 0.085 |
| Surgery (same hospitalization) | ||||
| Cerebral hemorrhage | 6338 (15.94) | 6040 (15.90) | 298 (16.87) | 0.273 |
| Aneurysm | 2975 (7.48) | 2901 (7.64) | 74 (4.19) | <0.001 |
| Brain tumor | 1186 (2.98) | 1148 (3.02) | 38 (2.15) | 0.036 |
| Decompressive craniectomy | 2473 (6.22) | 2359 (6.21) | 114 (6.46) | 0.675 |
| Cranioplasty | 3389 (8.52) | 3261 (8.58) | 128 (7.25) | 0.050 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| 6-months-infection | 1147 (2.88) | 1081 (2.85) | 66 (3.74) | 0.029 |
| 1-year-infection | 1543 (3.88) | 1456 (3.83) | 87 (4.93) | 0.020 |
| 1-year-death | 7669 (19.29) | 7261 (19.11) | 408 (23.10) | <0.001 |
| EVD – external ventricular drainage; ESRD – end-stage renal disease; UTI – urinary tract infections. | ||||