07 February 2025 : Clinical Research
Impact of Osteopathic Techniques on Autonomic Regulation: A Study of Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Adults
Jakub Stępnik ABCDEFG 1,2*, Agnieszka Kędra
DE 3, Dariusz Czaprowski AE 4,5
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.946903
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e946903
Table 8 Results of the analysis of variance for the HF parameter.
| Factor RM 1 | Group | M | SE | 95% confidence interval | ANOVA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower limit | Upper limit | |||||
| HF I | CV4 | 32.6 | 2.90 | 26.8 | 38.4 | F1=(2,194)= 0.467;p=0.628; eta2=0.002 |
| CV4+RR | 33.0 B1 | 2.95 | 27.1 | 38.8 | ||
| Placebo | 35.0 | 2.95 | 29.1 | 40.8 | ||
| HF II | CV4 | 38.7 a | 2.99 | 32.8 | 44.6 | F2=(4,194)= 3.262;p=0.013; eta2= 0.024 |
| CV4+RR | 23.4 B1 a | 3.04 | 17.4 | 29.4 | ||
| Placebo | 35.4 | 3.04 | 29.4 | 41.5 | ||
| HF III | CV4 | 37.3 | 2.95 | 31.4 | 43.1 | F3=(2,97)= 2.99;p=0.055; eta2= 0.038 |
| CV4+RR | 29.8 | 2.99 | 23.8 | 35.7 | ||
| Placebo | 35.7 | 2.99 | 29.8 | 41.6 | ||
| M – mean; SE – standard error; F1 – main effect of the HF parameter; F2 – interaction effect between changes in HF measurements and group; F3 – main effect of group; p – level of significance; eta2 – effect size; a – significant differences between groups in a given measurement; B1 – differences at the trend level between measurements within a group. | ||||||