27 May 2025 : Database Analysis
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Lead to Gastrointestinal Benefits in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study
Jung-Hui Hsu AEF 1, Hsueh-Fen Bai ADF 2, Mon-Ting Chen CD 3, Yu-Wei Fang AD 3,4,5, Jing-Tong Wang CE 3,4, Chieh-Yu Liu
DF 3, Ming-Hsein Tsai ADEF 3,4,5*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.946935
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e946935
Table 2 Gastrointestinal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.
| Clinical outcomes | After matching with a four-year follow-up | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GLP1-RA users (n=127,216) | DPP4i users (n=127,216) | GLP1-RA users vs DPP4i users | ||
| Events (%) | HR (95% CI) | P | ||
| Acute pancreatitis | 1,143 (0.9) | 1,319 (1.0) | 0.90 (0.83–0.97) | 0.006 |
| Biliary tract disease | 5,939 (4.7) | 6,260 (4.9) | 0.98 (0.94–1.01) | 0.222 |
| Liver failure | 1,055 (0.8) | 1,326 (1.0) | 0.81 (0.75–0.88) | <0.001 |
| Peritonitis | 569 (0.4) | 698 (0.5) | 0.85 (0.76–0.94) | 0.003 |
| Peptic ulcer | 2,281 (1.8) | 2,601 (2.0) | 0.89 (0.84–0.94) | <0.001 |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 7,921 (6.2) | 8,581 (6.7) | 0.95 (0.92–0.98) | 0.002 |
| Constipation | 14,173 (11.1) | 14,336 (11.3) | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.013 |
| Diarrhea | 11,267 (8.9) | 11,227 (8.8) | 1.04 (1.01–1.06) | 0.009 |
| GERD | 33,237 (26.1) | 32,844 (25.8) | 1.02 (1.00–1.03) | 0.029 |
| MACE | 15,084 (11.8) | 17,026 (13.4) | 0.89 (0.88–0.91) | <0.001 |
| GLP1-RA – glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist; DDP4i – dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor; GERD – gastroesophageal reflux disease; MACE – major adverse cardiovascular events; HR – hazard ratio; CI – confidence interval. | ||||