22 January 2025 : Database Analysis
Role of the Carhart Effect and Outcomes from Surgery: A Retrospective Study of 532 Patients with Conductive Hearing Loss Due to Otosclerosis, Otitis Media with Effusion, and Chronic Otitis Media
Kamila Szpak
1ABCDEF, Agnieszka Wiatr 2BCDE, Maciej Wiatr 2ADEG*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.947061
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e947061
Table 1 Association of depth of Carhart effect assessed preoperatively with change in average bone conduction threshold values after surgical treatment.
| ntotal | nCE <15 dB | Delta BC (dB)CE <15 dB | SD BC (dB)CE <15 dB | nCE >15 dB | Delta BC (dB)CE >15 dB | SD BC (dB)CE >15 dB | One-sided test | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OTO | 139 | 45 | 4.773 | 6.057 | 94 | 5.421 | 6.427 | =0.286 |
| OME | 73 | 48 | 8.056 | 7.386 | 25 | 8.833 | 7.4907 | =0.384 |
| COM total | 320 | 165 | 7.381 | 4.068 | 155 | 6.541 | 8.794 | =0.133 |
| COM type 1 tympanoplasty | 125 | 87 | 6.667 | 2.582 | 38 | 6.5 | 6.318 | =0.293 |
| COM type 3 tympanoplasty | 98 | 27 | 6.607 | 7.460 | 71 | 6.047 | 7.201 | =0.367 |
| OTO – otosclerosis; OME – exudative otitis media; COM – chronic otitis media; n – number of patients; dB – decibel; – significance level; SD – standard deviation; BC – bone conduction; Delta – shift in BC after treatment; CE – Carhart effect. | ||||||||