11 May 2025 : Clinical Research
Impact of Dexmedetomidine on Analgesia and Inflammatory Response in Knee Surgery: A Study of IPACK and ACB Techniques
Jian Zeng
ABCDEFG 1, Li Zhao ABCDEF 2, Jinpei Xue ACDFG 1, Zhijun Yao CDEF 1, Xiongtiao Yang ACDF 1, Xiao Zhong BCD 1, Yulong Fu ABF 1, Jianpeng Li ABD 1, Yang Cui AB 1, Zhiqin Chen AB 1, Jiamin Zhong A 1, Hongyi Lei ACDEFG 1*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.947087
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e947087
Table 1 Comparison of basic data among 3 groups.
| Project | Group E (n=34) | Group I (n=33) | Group C (n=34) | P valuea,b |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Mean age (SD) in yearsa | 41.7 (11.4) | 40.9 (11.9) | 39.8 (11.2) | 0.795 |
| Sex, n(%)b | 0.908 | |||
| Male | 18 (52.9) | 19 (57.6) | 18 (52.9) | |
| Female | 16 (47.1) | 14 (42.4) | 16 (47.1) | |
| Surgical characteristics | ||||
| Mean BMI (SD) in kg/ma | 24.8 (3.7) | 23.8 (3.3) | 23.7 (3.1) | 0.331 |
| ASA classify, n | 0.771 | |||
| I | 6 (17.6) | 8 (24.2) | 8 (23.5) | |
| II | 28 (82.4) | 25 (75.8) | 26 (76.5) | |
| Mean operative time (SD) in minutesa | 43.3 (18.3) | 45.8 (24.1) | 45.7 (24.1) | 0.873 |
| Mean preoperative VAS pain score (SD)a | ||||
| At rest | 1.4 (0.8) | 1.6 (0.8) | 1.4 (0.8) | 0.589 |
| At activity | 2.3 (0.8) | 2.5 (0.8) | 2.2 (0.8) | 0.388 |
| BMI – Body Mass Index; VAS – Visual Analog Scale. ASA – American Society of Anaesthesiologists. a single-factor ANOVA. b χ tests. The value is the comparison between groups. Group E, perineural DEX adjuvant+IPACK+ACB. Group I, intravenous DEX+IPACK+ACB. Group C, (IPACK+ACB) control group. | ||||