03 June 2025 : Database Analysis
Benefits of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors with Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers in Type-2 Diabetes: A Cohort Analysis
Ming-Hsien Tsai ADE 1, Mingchih Chen
CD 2, Yen-Chun Huang C 3, Wei-Shan Chang C 4, Kai-Yuan Hsiao C 4, Hung-Hsiang Liou A 5, Yu-Wei Fang AEF 6*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.947153
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e947153
Table 3 Risk of clinical outcomes in diabetic patients with RASB comparing SGLT2i users vs DDP4i users.
| Clinical outcomes | After matching | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGLT2i users (n=3,622) | DPP4i users (n=3,622) | Crude | Multivariable | |||||
| Events (n) | IR (100 PYs) | Events (n) | IR (100 PYs) | HR (95% CI) | p | aHR* (95% CI) | p | |
| Acute kidney injury | 116 | 0.8 | 93 | 0.6 | 1.24 (0.94–1.63) | 0.126 | 1.16 (0.87–1.55) | 0.304 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 448 | 3.2 | 651 | 4.9 | 0.66 (0.58–0.74) | <0.001 | 0.74 (0.65–0.84) | <0.001 |
| Advanced kidney failure (CKD stage 5) | 48 | 0.3 | 69 | 0.5 | 0.64 (0.44–0.93) | 0.020 | 0.62 (0.42–0.92) | 0.017 |
| Initiation of long-term dialysis | 31 | 0.2 | 43 | 0.3 | 0.61 (0.38–0.97) | 0.037 | 0.53 (0.32–0.87) | 0.012 |
| Adjusting: all variables, gender, age, charlson comorbidity index score, comorbidities (hypertension, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, peptic ulcer, dyslipidemia, gout, liver cirrhosis) and medications (beta-blocker, calcium channel blockers, alpha-blockers, anti-coagulants, diuretic, antithrombotic, insulin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinedione, acarbose, lipid-lowering agents, urine acid lowering agent, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, sedative-hypnotics). SGLT2i – sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor; DPP4i – dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; IR – incidence rate; PY – per person-year; HR – hazard ratio; aHR – adjusted hazard ratio; CI – confidence interval. | ||||||||