03 June 2025 : Database Analysis
Benefits of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors with Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers in Type-2 Diabetes: A Cohort Analysis
Ming-Hsien Tsai ADE 1, Mingchih Chen
CD 2, Yen-Chun Huang C 3, Wei-Shan Chang C 4, Kai-Yuan Hsiao C 4, Hung-Hsiang Liou A 5, Yu-Wei Fang AEF 6*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.947153
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e947153
Table 5 External validation of the risk of kidney outcomes in diabetic patients using renin-angiotensin system blockers with TriNetX dataset.
| After propensity score matching with baseline parameters | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical outcomes | SGLT2i users (n=41,411) | DPP4i users (n=41,411) | SGLT2i users vs DPP4i users | |||
| Events (n) | (%) | Events (n) | (%) | HR (95% CI) | p | |
| Acute kidney injury | 6,281 | 15.2 | 9,314 | 22.5 | 0.91 (0.88–0.93) | <0.001 |
| Advanced kidney failure (CKD stage 5) | 332 | 0.8 | 810 | 2.0 | 0.63 (0.55–0.72) | <0.001 |
| Initiation of long-term dialysis | 1,701 | 4.1 | 2,778 | 6.7 | 0.79 (0.74–0.84) | <0.001 |
| Propensity score matching by age, gender, comorbidities (hypertensive disorders, ischemic heart conditions, arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, cerebrovascular accidents, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, peptic ulcer disease, dyslipidemia, gout, liver cirrhosis) and medications (β-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel antagonists, alpha-adrenergic blockers, diuretics, lipid-lowering medications, insulin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, acarbose, cholesterol-lowering agents, urate-lowering therapies, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, and sedative-hypnotic agents). SGLT2i – sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor; DPP4i – dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; CKD – chronic kidney disease; HR – hazard ratio; CI – confidence interval. | ||||||